Questions and Answers
Define acute pain.
Pain that follows some bodily injury, disappears with healing, and tends to be self-limiting.
Define analgesia.
The loss of sensitivity to pain.
Define central sensitization.
A change in the excitability of neurons in the spinal cord and/or activation of spinal cord glial cells that contributes to primary hyperalgesia.
Define chronic pain.
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Define hyperalgesia.
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Define local anesthesia.
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Define multimodal anesthesia.
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Define nociception.
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Define pain.
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Define pain threshold.
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Define pain tolerance level.
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Define pathologic pain.
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Define perception in the context of pain.
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Define peripheral sensitization.
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Define physiologic pain.
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Define preemptive analgesia.
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Define regional anesthesia.
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Define somatic pain.
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Define tolerance in terms of pain management.
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Define visceral pain.
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Define windup.
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Study Notes
Pain Terminology Overview
- Acute Pain: Follow injury; self-limiting and disappears with healing.
- Analgesia: Loss of sensitivity to pain.
- Central Sensitization: Increased excitability of spinal cord neurons leading to primary hyperalgesia.
- Chronic Pain: Persists for weeks to months beyond expected healing, typically nonmalignant.
- Hyperalgesia: Enhanced pain response to normally painful stimuli; involves stimulated nociceptors.
- Local Anesthesia: Temporary sensation loss in a localized area without affecting consciousness.
Pain Management Techniques
- Multimodal Anesthesia: Involves multiple drugs acting at various nociceptive pathway levels for optimal pain relief.
- Nociception: Physiological process of receiving and processing pain signals from nociceptors.
- Perception of Pain: Conscious emotional experience of pain, integrating nociceptor and other CNS inputs.
Pain Characteristics
- Pain: Unpleasant sensory and emotional experience related to actual or potential tissue damage.
- Pain Threshold: Minimum level of pain perceived by an individual.
- Pain Tolerance Level: Maximum pain intensity that an individual can endure.
Types of Pain
- Pathologic Pain: Exaggerated pain response beyond protective utility, associated with tissue injury.
- Physiologic Pain: Protective pain mechanism that encourages avoidance of further tissue damage.
- Peripheral Sensitization: Increased neuron excitability in damaged tissue, contributing to localized hyperalgesia.
- Somatic Pain: Originates from skin, muscles, joints; characterized as sharp or throbbing.
- Visceral Pain: Arises from organ distention or inflammation; described as deep or cramping without clear localization.
Pain Modulation Mechanisms
- Preemptive Analgesia: Administration of pain relief drugs before potential pain stimuli to prevent sensitization.
- Regional Anesthesia: Loss of sensation in a specific body area by disrupting sensory nerve conduction.
- Tolerance: Decreased intensity of analgesic effects over time, requiring higher doses to achieve relief.
- Windup: Sensitization of nociceptors and pain pathways resulting from repeated nociceptive input, leading to increased pain response.
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Description
This quiz provides an overview of key pain terminology, including definitions and characteristics of acute and chronic pain, as well as pain management techniques. Test your understanding of concepts like analgesia, nociception, and multimodal anesthesia in relation to pain perception.