Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which vein drains the Left gastro-omental vein?
Which vein drains the Left gastro-omental vein?
The Right gastro-omental vein drains into the inferior mesenteric vein.
The Right gastro-omental vein drains into the inferior mesenteric vein.
False
What is characterized as a true physiological sphincter in the human body?
What is characterized as a true physiological sphincter in the human body?
Pylorus
The gastric lymphatic vessels drain to the nearest ______ nodes.
The gastric lymphatic vessels drain to the nearest ______ nodes.
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Match the lymphatic drainage structures with their functions:
Match the lymphatic drainage structures with their functions:
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What veins does the abdominal esophagus primarily drain into?
What veins does the abdominal esophagus primarily drain into?
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Portal hypertension can cause dilation of esophageal veins.
Portal hypertension can cause dilation of esophageal veins.
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Which plexus is responsible for the innervation of the esophagus?
Which plexus is responsible for the innervation of the esophagus?
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The abdominal esophagus drains into the __________ vein.
The abdominal esophagus drains into the __________ vein.
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Match the following components to their function or related structure:
Match the following components to their function or related structure:
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Which nerve travels down anteriorly and laterally along the thoracic esophagus?
Which nerve travels down anteriorly and laterally along the thoracic esophagus?
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Brachiobronchial veins play a primary role in draining the abdominal esophagus.
Brachiobronchial veins play a primary role in draining the abdominal esophagus.
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What part of the nervous system innervates the esophagus?
What part of the nervous system innervates the esophagus?
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The thoracic esophagus is innervated by the right and left __________ nerves.
The thoracic esophagus is innervated by the right and left __________ nerves.
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Which artery is associated with the periarterial plexuses that contribute to the esophageal plexus?
Which artery is associated with the periarterial plexuses that contribute to the esophageal plexus?
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What is the primary function of the laryngeal muscles during swallowing?
What is the primary function of the laryngeal muscles during swallowing?
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Peristalsis refers to the waves-like movement that aids in the digestion process.
Peristalsis refers to the waves-like movement that aids in the digestion process.
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What happens to the esophageal sphincter when food is swallowed?
What happens to the esophageal sphincter when food is swallowed?
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The __________ helps protect the airway during swallowing.
The __________ helps protect the airway during swallowing.
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Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
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Which type of peristalsis occurs if the bolus is sticky?
Which type of peristalsis occurs if the bolus is sticky?
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Which part of a tooth is the hardest substance in the human body?
Which part of a tooth is the hardest substance in the human body?
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What is the role of the vestibular gingiva?
What is the role of the vestibular gingiva?
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The hard palate forms the floor of the nasal cavities.
The hard palate forms the floor of the nasal cavities.
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What are the two surfaces of the hard palate called?
What are the two surfaces of the hard palate called?
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The _______ is the part of the tooth that is fixed in the root socket.
The _______ is the part of the tooth that is fixed in the root socket.
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Match the tooth parts with their descriptions:
Match the tooth parts with their descriptions:
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Which type of teeth are referred to as 'labial'?
Which type of teeth are referred to as 'labial'?
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The neck of the tooth is located above the crown.
The neck of the tooth is located above the crown.
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What separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity?
What separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity?
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The inferior surface of the hard palate is covered by _______.
The inferior surface of the hard palate is covered by _______.
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What procedure would replace the crown portion of a tooth?
What procedure would replace the crown portion of a tooth?
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What is the general direction of the esophagus?
What is the general direction of the esophagus?
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The esophagus deviates to the right as it passes down the esophageal hiatus.
The esophagus deviates to the right as it passes down the esophageal hiatus.
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Which structure is encircled by the esophageal plexus distally?
Which structure is encircled by the esophageal plexus distally?
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Food passes rapidly due to the _____ action of its musculature.
Food passes rapidly due to the _____ action of its musculature.
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Which artery supplies the cervical esophagus?
Which artery supplies the cervical esophagus?
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Gravity aids in the movement of food through the esophagus.
Gravity aids in the movement of food through the esophagus.
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What is a trachea-esophageal fistula (TEF)?
What is a trachea-esophageal fistula (TEF)?
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The esophageal plexus is formed by the vagal trunks and thoracic _____ trunks.
The esophageal plexus is formed by the vagal trunks and thoracic _____ trunks.
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Match the following parts of the esophagus with their characteristics:
Match the following parts of the esophagus with their characteristics:
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Where should you drain in cases of trachea-esophageal fistula?
Where should you drain in cases of trachea-esophageal fistula?
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Study Notes
Oral Region Anatomy
- The oral cavity proper is the space between the upper and lower dental arches
- The oral vestibul is the space between the upper and lower teeth and the cheeks
- The oral cavity proper is fully occupied by the tongue when the mouth is closed
Swallowing
- Swallowing occurs in two stages: oropharyngeal and esophageal
- In the oropharyngeal stage, food is pressed against the tongue and moved back toward the pharynx
- The laryngeal muscles close the epiglottis to prevent food from entering the respiratory passages
Lips, Cheeks, and Gingivae
- Lips are mobile musculofibrous folds surrounding the mouth
- Lips are laterally and superiorly continuous with the nasolabial sulci and nares
- They are inferiorly continuous with the mentolabial sulcus
Teeth
- Deciduous teeth erupt between 6 and 10 months old and are shed between 6 and 7 years old
- Children have 20 deciduous teeth, which are replaced with 32 permanent teeth
- The different types of teeth include incisors, canines, premolars and molars
- The main function of teeth is to help chew and break down food
Tongue
- The tongue is a mobile musculofibrous structure
- The tongue has a top, underside and root
- The tongue has intrinsic and extrinsic muscles
Esophagus
- The esophagus is a muscular tube that connects the pharynx and stomach
- The esophagus has three constrictions: cervical, thoracic, and diaphragmatic
- The esophagus is lined with mucous membrane
Stomach
- The stomach is an expanded part of the digestive tract between the esophagus and the small intestine
- It has four parts:cardia, fundus, body, and pyloric part
- The stomach has two curvatures, lesser curvature and greater curvature
- The cardiac notch is located at the superior end of the stomach that connects to the esophagus
Neurovasculature of the Stomach
- The stomach is supplied by the branches of the celiac trunk
- The veins that drain the stomach are parallel to the arteries that supply them
- The veins drain into the hepatic portal vein
Diseases of the Oral Cavity
- Cleft lip is a failure of development of the tissues on the 4th to 8th week of pregnancy
- Cleft palate happens because of an immature intermaxillary suture
- Cyanosis is a bluish coloring of the skin that can indicate heart issues
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Description
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the oral region, including the oral cavity, swallowing processes, and the structure of lips, cheeks, and teeth. This quiz covers key concepts such as the stages of swallowing and the development of deciduous and permanent teeth. Challenge yourself and see how much you know!
