Oral Anatomy Quiz: Tooth Morphology

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Questions and Answers

What are perikymata on newly erupted permanent teeth?

Deep grooves developed during tooth eruption

Hollows between the marginal ridges

Horizontal ridges on the enamel (correct)

Fissures caused by incomplete enamel fusion

What defines a sulcus in dental anatomy?

A depression found between marginal ridges

A broad V-shaped valley on occlusal surfaces (correct)

A major, sharply defined linear depression

A narrow cleft caused by enamel fusion

Developmental grooves play what role in tooth anatomy?

They reduce the mesiodistal dimension of the tooth

They facilitate enamel fusion

They separate the lobes during tooth development (correct)

They create hollows for food retention

What is a fissure in terms of dental anatomy?

A narrow cleft or crevice caused by enamel development issues Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a fossa?

A small hollow found between marginal ridges Signup and view all the answers

Where is a triangular fossa typically located?

On the occlusal surfaces of molars and premolars Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of grooves during chewing?

To guide food particles away Signup and view all the answers

Which terms describe the ridge formations observed in tooth anatomy?

Rounded elevations and linear ridges Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the periodontal ligament?

To attach the tooth root to alveolar bone Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a cusp?

A pyramidal elevation on molars and canines Signup and view all the answers

What change is made when naming the first surface in the anterior division?

The ending is changed to ‘o’ Signup and view all the answers

What is a tubercle in dental morphology?

An extra formation of enamel on the crown Signup and view all the answers

How many cusp ridges converge at the tip of a typical cusp?

Four Signup and view all the answers

What surfaces are involved in the division into line angles for posterior teeth?

Lingual, Buccal, Occlusal, Distal Signup and view all the answers

What is formed by the four cusp ridges on a cusp?

A somewhat rounded pyramid Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a division into line angles for anterior teeth?

Buccal Signup and view all the answers

What is the anatomical term for the part of a tooth that is covered with cementum?

Anatomic root Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the apical foramina in a tooth?

To allow nerves and blood vessels to enter the tooth pulp Signup and view all the answers

Where is the furcation located in a multi-rooted tooth?

At the division of the root trunk into separate roots Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the buccal cusp ridge?

It runs cervicoocclusally in the middle third of the buccal surface of premolars. Signup and view all the answers

Which region refers to the space between two or more roots of a tooth?

Interradicular space Signup and view all the answers

How does the labial ridge primarily run?

From the cervical third to the incisal edge. Signup and view all the answers

How does the cervical line curve when viewed from the mesial or distal aspect?

It curves toward the incisal or occlusal surface Signup and view all the answers

What is the root trunk of a tooth?

The section of a multi-rooted tooth before it divides Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the crown outline and the occlusal table?

The occlusal table is bounded by cusp ridges, while the crown outline is not. Signup and view all the answers

Where is the cingulum located on anterior teeth?

On the cervical third of the lingual surface. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the curvature of the cervical line being greater on the mesial surface than on the distal surface?

It affects tooth alignment and gingival tissue health Signup and view all the answers

What feature often accompanies grooves in the pits of a tooth?

Fossa Signup and view all the answers

What is the cervical ridge characterized by?

A subtle ridge running mesiodistally in the cervical one third of the facial surface. Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is described as three small tubercles formed from dental lobes on incisors?

Mamelons Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tooth typically has a pronounced cervical ridge?

Mandibular second molars. Signup and view all the answers

What describes the structure bounded by mesial and distal cusp ridges?

Occlusal table Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of marginal ridges in anterior teeth?

On the mesial and distal borders of the lingual surface Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly defines a transverse ridge?

A ridge formed by the joining of two triangular ridges from adjacent cusps Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of triangular ridges?

They are located on major cusps of posterior teeth. Signup and view all the answers

How do oblique ridges differ from transverse ridges?

Oblique ridges cross the occlusal surface diagonally. Signup and view all the answers

What functions do cusp slopes serve?

They converge toward the cusp tip to form an angle. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the location of marginal ridges in posterior teeth?

On the mesial and distal borders of the occlusal surface Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about elevations and ridges is accurate?

Elevations can be both rounded and linear. Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific role of the cingulum in relation to marginal ridges in anterior teeth?

It acts as a support for anterior marginal ridges. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Periodontal Ligament

Thin ligament composed of fibers attaching tooth root to alveolar bone.
Surrounds each tooth, providing stability.

Divisions into Thirds and Line Angles

Anterior Naming Order: Mesial, Distal, Facial (Labial/Buccal), Lingual, Occlusal/Incisal.
- First surface ending changes from “al” to “o”.
Posterior Naming: Follows similar conventions to anterior.

Elevations (Rounded) and Ridges (Linear)

Cusp: Pyramidal elevation found on occlusal surfaces of molars, premolars, and canines.
Tubercle: Small elevation due to extra enamel formation.
Cusp Ridges: Four linear enamel prominences converging toward cusp tip, forming a rounded pyramid.
Mesial and Distal Cusp Ridges: Inclined surfaces forming angles toward cusp tip.

Marginal Ridges

Anterior Marginal Ridges: Found on mesial and distal borders of lingual surface, converge towards cingulum.
Posterior Marginal Ridges: Located on mesial and distal borders of occlusal surface.

Triangular Ridge

Located on major cusps of posterior teeth, extending from cusp tip towards central occlusal sulcus.

Transverse and Oblique Ridges

Transverse Ridge: Formed by the joining of triangular ridges from facial and lingual cusps.
Oblique Ridge: Present only on maxillary molars, crosses occlusal surface obliquely.

Additional Ridges

Buccal Cusp Ridge: Subtle ridge on middle third of buccal surface of premolars.
Labial Ridge: Prominent cervicoincisally aligned ridge found on maxillary canines.

Crown Outline and Occlusal Table

Crown Outline: Contours the entire tooth crown from an occlusal view.
Occlusal Table: Smaller area defined by adjoining cusps and marginal ridges.

Cingulum

Enlargement on the cervical third of the lingual surface of anterior teeth.

Cervical Ridge

Subtle mesiodistally running ridge on facial surface of molars and primary teeth.

Mamelons and Perikymata

Mamelons: Three small scallops on incisal edges of newly erupted incisors.
Perikymata: Minute horizontal enamel ridges on newly erupted permanent teeth.

Depressions and Grooves

Sulcus: Broad V-shaped depression on occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth.
Developmental Grooves: Sharply defined linear depressions separating lobes of teeth.
Fissure: Narrow cleft caused by incomplete enamel fusion.
Fossa: Small hollow between marginal ridges on anterior teeth or specific occlusal areas.
Triangular Fossa: Found on molars and premolars near marginal ridges.
Pits: Occur at depths of fossae where grooves intersect.

External Morphology of the Anatomic Root

Anatomic Root: Covered with cementum, contains the apex.
Apical Foramina: Openings at the tip, where nerves and blood vessels enter pulp.
Cervix: Region where crown and root unite.
Root Trunk: Base of multi-rooted molars or two-rooted premolars before division.
Furcation: Site where multi-rooted teeth split; bifurcation (two roots) or trifurcation (three roots).
Furcal Region: Space between two or more roots, apical to division point.

Cervical Line (CEJ) Curvature

Curves toward the incisal or occlusal surface when viewed mesially or distally.
Curvature is generally greater on the mesial surface than the distal surface of the same tooth.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the structure and function of periodontal ligaments and the divisions of teeth into thirds and line angles. This quiz covers essential concepts relevant to dental anatomy. Ideal for students in dental courses or anyone interested in oral health.