Nursing Quiz

Nursing Considerations for Renal Conditions

• Torsades de Pointes can occur due to QT prolongation, low magnesium, and hypo/hypercalcemia; nursing interventions include left side positioning, trendelenburg, and 100% oxygen on non-rebreather.
• Air embolism can happen during hemodialysis; symptoms include SOB, chest pain, R sided HF symptoms, and LOC changes; nursing interventions include left side positioning, trendelenburg, and 100% oxygen on non-rebreather.
• Patients with electrolyte imbalances, especially potassium and magnesium, need cardiac monitoring; urgent treatment for hyperkalemia with EKG changes includes insulin/glucose and non-emergent treatment includes dialysis, IV calcium, Na bicarb, beta 2 adrenergic drugs, diuretics, Patiromer, and sodium polystyrene sulfonate.
• NSAIDs and thiazide diuretics should be questioned in patients with renal dysfunction.
• Renal biopsy involves visualizing the kidneys and getting 3 different specimens; nursing considerations include patient teaching, pre-procedure coag, CBC, and renal function studies, prone positioning during the procedure, and post-procedure care.
• Cystectomy involves partial or segment removal of the bladder; ileal conduit involves taking a portion of the ileum to create a tube and stoma for urine drainage; nursing considerations for both include strict I&Os, monitoring the stoma site, and patient teaching about complications such as infection, obstruction, and stones.
• Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by glomerular changes, massive proteinuria, and increased risk for infection, clots, and dehydration; nursing interventions include treating underlying causes, corticosteroids, sodium restriction, diuretics, anticoags, and ACE/ARBS.
• Nephrolithiasis involves forming stones in the kidneys; clinical manifestations include colic pain, N/V, fevers, pallor, diaphoresis, tachycardia, hypotension, hematuria, and foul smelling urine; nursing considerations include pain relief, ambulation, hydration, urine straining, and surgical intervention if necessary.
• AKI has different phases including initiating, oliguric, diuretic, and recovery; nursing considerations include monitoring electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, and urine specific gravity and osmo, and treating severe hyperkalemia with IV calcium, insulin/glucose, Na bicarb, beta 2 adrenergic drugs, diuretics, sodium polystyrene sulfonate, Patiromer, or dialysis.
• Prerenal AKI is caused by reduced blood flow to the kidneys, intrarenal AKI is caused by damage to the kidneys, and postrenal AKI is caused by obstruction of urine flow.
• Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by sudden onset of symptoms such as micro

Nursing Considerations for Renal Conditions

• Torsades de Pointes can occur due to QT prolongation, low magnesium, and hypo/hypercalcemia; nursing interventions include left side positioning, trendelenburg, and 100% oxygen on non-rebreather.
• Air embolism can happen during hemodialysis; symptoms include SOB, chest pain, R sided HF symptoms, and LOC changes; nursing interventions include left side positioning, trendelenburg, and 100% oxygen on non-rebreather.
• Patients with electrolyte imbalances, especially potassium and magnesium, need cardiac monitoring; urgent treatment for hyperkalemia with EKG changes includes insulin/glucose and non-emergent treatment includes dialysis, IV calcium, Na bicarb, beta 2 adrenergic drugs, diuretics, Patiromer, and sodium polystyrene sulfonate.
• NSAIDs and thiazide diuretics should be questioned in patients with renal dysfunction.
• Renal biopsy involves visualizing the kidneys and getting 3 different specimens; nursing considerations include patient teaching, pre-procedure coag, CBC, and renal function studies, prone positioning during the procedure, and post-procedure care.
• Cystectomy involves partial or segment removal of the bladder; ileal conduit involves taking a portion of the ileum to create a tube and stoma for urine drainage; nursing considerations for both include strict I&Os, monitoring the stoma site, and patient teaching about complications such as infection, obstruction, and stones.
• Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by glomerular changes, massive proteinuria, and increased risk for infection, clots, and dehydration; nursing interventions include treating underlying causes, corticosteroids, sodium restriction, diuretics, anticoags, and ACE/ARBS.
• Nephrolithiasis involves forming stones in the kidneys; clinical manifestations include colic pain, N/V, fevers, pallor, diaphoresis, tachycardia, hypotension, hematuria, and foul smelling urine; nursing considerations include pain relief, ambulation, hydration, urine straining, and surgical intervention if necessary.
• AKI has different phases including initiating, oliguric, diuretic, and recovery; nursing considerations include monitoring electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, and urine specific gravity and osmo, and treating severe hyperkalemia with IV calcium, insulin/glucose, Na bicarb, beta 2 adrenergic drugs, diuretics, sodium polystyrene sulfonate, Patiromer, or dialysis.
• Prerenal AKI is caused by reduced blood flow to the kidneys, intrarenal AKI is caused by damage to the kidneys, and postrenal AKI is caused by obstruction of urine flow.
• Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by sudden onset of symptoms such as micro