Nursing History and Trends

Study Notes

Nursing History and Trends

Nursing profession's origins trace back to Florence Nightingale, a key figure in developing modern nursing.
Founding of the first nursing training school by Nightingale.
Data collection and environmental health improvements within nursing.
Early US nursing practice (prior to 1900s) saw permissive practices without formal titles.
1903: Nursing practice permissible without a title. 1947: New York mandated nursing.
1950: First nationwide nursing exam was administered.
1965: Introduction of Medicare and Medicaid influenced healthcare access.
2006: ANA addresses and defines "unfamiliar and unusual conditions" related to patient assessment.
2002: Image enhancing campaign by a major company.
The Journal and campaign was aimed at enhancing the image of RNs.
Early 20th century saw nursing gains military rank
Increased focus on health disparities (e.g., the Great Depression impacting access).
Aging of the US population increased the demand and relevance for nurses.
Rise in biomedical technology and developments (e.g., human genome project, pharmacogenetics) and their influence on nursing practice.

Nursing Education and Licensure

Four-year BSN programs often lead to better hospital outcomes.
Nursing education has varied approaches, from diploma programs to doctorate degrees (e.g., PhD, DNP).
Accreditation agencies ensure quality education standards.
ACEN (Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing) and CCNE (Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education).
Licensure (mandatory, every 2-years).
Certification and ongoing education important to maintain competence and expertise.
NCLEX-RN and related exams.
NCLEX-PN.
Next Gen NCLEX (NGN) exams.
Compact nursing license agreement.

Nursing Roles and Settings

Registered Nurses (RNs) are the largest group of health providers.
Nurse practitioners (NPs) and midwives (APNs or Advanced Practice Nurses) are crucial roles.
Direct patient care is a fundamental portion of nursing.
Occupational health, informatics, and palliative care are emerging areas.
Hospital is a primary work setting for registered nurses.
Pull factors for nursing work include flexibility, job security and pay.
Push factors, include stressful work conditions, overtime, high workloads, and burnout.
ACA (Affordable Care Act) prevents denial of health insurance due to pre-existing conditions.

Defining Nursing and Professional Development

Values, roles, communication, and teamwork are key domains in interprofessional collaboration and are key.
Altruism and professionalism: important values in nursing.
Scope and standards of practice (established by the ANA).
Nursing codes of ethics guide decision-making.
Maintaining collegiality in the profession, with emphasis on interdependence.
Importance of the nursing profession encompassing intellectual autonomy and purpose beyond just economic motivation.
Challenges to nursing education include low enrollment in certain topics and areas of concern, and challenges to apply evidenced-based practice in the work setting.
Interprofessional education.

Socialization and Professional Issues

Formal and informal processes of professional socialization shape nurses' interactions (Cohen and Benner models).
Nurse incivility is impacting nurse turnover rates.
Burnout and reality shock issues faced by nurses, resulting in high turnover rates.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs plays a role in understanding patient care priorities.
Culture, ethnocentrism, holistic, and nuclear/extended family factors influence healthcare.
RN student placement in hospital settings should be a priority.

Description

Explore the significant milestones in the nursing profession, from the pioneering work of Florence Nightingale to modern practices and challenges. This quiz covers the evolution of nursing, key legislation, and the impact of historical events on healthcare access and nursing roles. Test your knowledge of this essential field's history and trends!