Neurophysiology: Transduction and Action Potentials

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What is the role of the receptor in sensory perception?

To process sensory information in the brain

To convert stimulus energy into electrical potentials (correct)

To transmit action potentials to the central nervous system

To conduct sensory signals to the peripheral nervous system

What type of signal is always present in the nervous system?

Mechanical stimuli

Chemical signals

Action potentials (correct)

Electrical impulses

What is the function of the sensory unit?

To transmit action potentials to the brain

To integrate sensory inputs from the environment (correct)

To conduct sensory signals from the periphery to the brain

To convert stimuli into sensory information

What is the process by which stimulus energy is converted into action potentials?

Transduction Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the area from which a stimulus can cause action potential generation?

Receptive field Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the opposite process that occurs in the brain to feel a sensation?

Perception Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the division of the nervous system concerned with sensory perception?

Sensory system Signup and view all the answers

What is the sequence of events that occurs in sensory perception?

Stimulus → Receptor potential → Action potential → Perception Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability to process and analyze multiple aspects of a situation at once?

Parallel processing Signup and view all the answers

What type of information is woven together in an instant analysis of a situation?

Separate aspects of posture, movement, and facial expression Signup and view all the answers

What is simultaneously processed in visual processing?

Form, depth, motion, and color Signup and view all the answers

What type of receptor detects stretch of skin and warmth or heat changes?

Ruffini ending Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the type of stimulus that causes a response with the lowest threshold?

Adequate stimulus Signup and view all the answers

What is the area in the skin where different receptors or sensory units are found?

Receptor field Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism is behind the adequate stimulus?

Law of specific nerve energies Signup and view all the answers

Which sensation is most likely transmitted along an unmyelinated nerve fiber?

Crude touch Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the sensory receptive field?

Region from which a stimulus originates Signup and view all the answers

What is the organization of the somatosensory system transmitted in?

Sequential manner Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of initiations of arousal, affective, adaptive responses to the stimulus?

Initiating emotional responses to the stimulus Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the transmission of precise information about the stimulus?

Determination of the type, intensity, and localization of the stimulus Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the internal representation of the body in the brain?

To aid in body positioning and movement Signup and view all the answers

How are somatosensory pathways organized?

According to 3 different functions Signup and view all the answers

What happens to damaged neurons when a limb is lost?

They form a mass of neural tissue called a neuroma Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of continuous unconscious monitoring and control of motor performance?

Determining the resulting behavior after stimulating the sensation Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the deformation of tactile receptors in the skin?

The opening of ion channels Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the sensory receptive field in the brain?

Affecting the sensory pathways Signup and view all the answers

What is the sense of touch, or tactile sense, the perception of?

Objects that come into contact with the skin Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of parallel organization in the somatosensory system?

To carry several submodalities in separate parallel channels Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the intention to move a phantom limb?

The generation of pain Signup and view all the answers

What is a neuroma?

A mass of neural tissue Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a stimulus is strong enough to cause cellular depolarization?

Action potentials are generated Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the brain in the sense of touch?

To receive and interpret action potentials Signup and view all the answers

What is the diameter range of A-α fibers?

13-20 um Signup and view all the answers

Which type of receptor is responsible for proprioception?

Muscle spindle Signup and view all the answers

What is the velocity range of A-β fibers?

75-35 m/sec Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor is responsible for superficial touch?

Meissner’s corpuscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the diameter range of A-δ fibers?

1-5 um Signup and view all the answers

Which type of receptor is responsible for deep touch and vibration?

Pacinian corpuscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the velocity range of A-δ fibers?

30-6 m/sec Signup and view all the answers

Which type of receptor is responsible for pain and temperature (cool)?

Naked (bare) nerve endings Signup and view all the answers

What is the diameter range of C fibers?

0.5-1.5 um Signup and view all the answers

Which type of receptor is responsible for itch?