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Anatomy LE 6: Blood Supply of the Central Nervous System
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Anatomy LE 6: Blood Supply of the Central Nervous System

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Questions and Answers

If a patient presents with right sided weakness and numbness of the lower extremity, which side of the cerebral hemisphere is the lesion located?

  • Bilateral
  • Contralateral (correct)
  • Unilateral
  • Ipsilateral
  • A patient with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with difficulty in producing speech, slow and slurred speech. Which vascular territory is involved?

  • Anterior Cerebral Artery
  • Posterior Cerebral Artery
  • Basilar Artery
  • Middle Cerebral Artery (correct)
  • What is the name of the vein that drains the insula and will drain into the transverse sinus?

  • Anterior Cerebral Vein
  • Basal Vein
  • Striate Vein
  • Deep Middle Cerebral Vein (correct)
  • Which artery runs inferiorly in the lateral fissure and empties into the cavernous sinus?

    <p>Internal Carotid Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of a lesion in the Middle Cerebral Artery territory?

    <p>Difficulty in producing speech, slow and slurred speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vein is formed by the joining of anterior cerebral veins and striate veins?

    <p>Basal Vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the eventual destination of all external cerebral veins?

    <p>Internal Jugular Vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the vein that drains the superficial or external cerebral veins?

    <p>Superior Cerebral Vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient presents with left sided weakness and numbness of the upper extremity. Which side of the cerebral hemisphere is the lesion located?

    <p>Contralateral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the posterior spinal arteries?

    <p>To supply the posterior third of the spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the posterior spinal arteries?

    <p>Along the length of the posterior spinal cord on the posterolateral sulcus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes the upper three thoracic segments of the spinal cord vulnerable to ischemia?

    <p>Occlusion of the segmental or radicular arteries in these regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the veins of the spinal cord?

    <p>They are valveless and devoid of muscular tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pattern of the venous drainage of the spinal cord?

    <p>Similar to that of the arterial supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the central/sulcal veins?

    <p>To drain the spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the anterior and posterior radicular arteries?

    <p>The segmental spinal arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the central/sulcal branches of the anterior spinal artery?

    <p>To supply about two-thirds of the cross-sectional area of the spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the 2 posterior spinal arteries?

    <p>To give off the pial plexus which supply the remaining white matter and dorsal gray horn of the spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smaller terminal branch of the internal carotid artery?

    <p>Anterior Cerebral Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery does not branch from the Basilar Artery?

    <p>Posterior Cerebral Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest branch of the vertebral artery?

    <p>Posterior Inferior Cerebral Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of cerebral veins?

    <p>They are valveless with no muscular tissue in their walls.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery does not contribute to the Circle of Willis?

    <p>Middle Cerebral Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of blood supply to the thoracic segment of the spinal cord?

    <p>Anterior spinal artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the larger terminal branch of the internal carotid artery?

    <p>Middle Cerebral Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery branches from the internal carotid artery?

    <p>Anterior Cerebral Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the cerebral arteries?

    <p>They run along the course of the cerebral veins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies blood to the forebrain, including the cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus?

    <p>Internal Carotid Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Circle of Willis?

    <p>To distribute blood to the different parts of the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain receives blood supply from the Vertebral Artery?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can infection or cancer from the abdominal or pelvic cavity spread to the brain?

    <p>Through the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of occlusion of the Internal Carotid Artery?

    <p>Reduction in blood supply to the forebrain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the point of entry of the Internal Carotid Artery into the skull?

    <p>Petrous portion of the temporal bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the spinal cord receives blood supply from the Vertebral Artery?

    <p>Upper part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Vertebral Artery?

    <p>To supply blood to the cerebellum and spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the point of entry of the Vertebral Artery into the skull?

    <p>Foramen magnum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathway of spinal cord venous drainage?

    <p>Central veins → Pial venous plexus → Anterior and Posterior Spinal Veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the spinal cord is supplied by the anterior spinal artery?

    <p>Two-thirds of the spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the vasa corona?

    <p>Supplies the remaining gray and white matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of the posterior and inferior radicular arteries?

    <p>Posterior intercostal arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the internal vertebral venous plexus?

    <p>Bidirectional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the posterior spinal and radicular artery?

    <p>Gives off the vasa corona</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the blood supply of the spinal cord and the cerebral hemispheres?

    <p>The blood supply of the spinal cord follows the path of the arteries, unlike in the cerebral hemispheres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the anterior and posterior medullary and radicular veins?

    <p>Drain the spinal cord into the internal vertebral venous plexus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which spinal arteries supply the entire length of the spinal cord?

    <p>Both anterior and posterior spinal arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

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