Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following muscle groups is primarily responsible for adducting the femur?
Which of the following muscle groups is primarily responsible for adducting the femur?
- Hamstrings
- Adductors (correct)
- Peroneals
- Quadriceps
During knee flexion, which muscle group acts as the primary mover?
During knee flexion, which muscle group acts as the primary mover?
- Adductors
- Hamstrings (correct)
- Quadriceps
- Gastrocnemius
Which muscle is responsible for both knee extension and hip flexion?
Which muscle is responsible for both knee extension and hip flexion?
- Gastrocnemius
- Biceps Femoris
- Soleus
- Rectus Femoris (correct)
Besides flexing both the knee and hip, what additional action does the Sartorius muscle perform?
Besides flexing both the knee and hip, what additional action does the Sartorius muscle perform?
If clinical findings showed gastrocnemius weakness but normal plantar flexion when the knee is flexed, what muscle is likely still functioning?
If clinical findings showed gastrocnemius weakness but normal plantar flexion when the knee is flexed, what muscle is likely still functioning?
What movement would be MOST limited by weakness in the tibialis anterior muscle?
What movement would be MOST limited by weakness in the tibialis anterior muscle?
A person is having difficulty turning their foot outwards. Which muscle group is most likely affected?
A person is having difficulty turning their foot outwards. Which muscle group is most likely affected?
Which of the following muscles attaches to the iliac crest, T7-S5, and the humerus, enabling it to extend, adduct, and medially rotate the humerus?
Which of the following muscles attaches to the iliac crest, T7-S5, and the humerus, enabling it to extend, adduct, and medially rotate the humerus?
Which muscle extends and laterally flexes the trunk, with unilateral contraction resulting in lateral flexion?
Which muscle extends and laterally flexes the trunk, with unilateral contraction resulting in lateral flexion?
An individual is experiencing pain due to a tight piriformis muscle. What symptom might they also be experiencing due to the muscle's proximity to a major nerve?
An individual is experiencing pain due to a tight piriformis muscle. What symptom might they also be experiencing due to the muscle's proximity to a major nerve?
Which of the following muscles is responsible for abduction and medial rotation of the femur?
Which of the following muscles is responsible for abduction and medial rotation of the femur?
Which muscle assists primarily with hip flexion, abduction, and medial rotation?
Which muscle assists primarily with hip flexion, abduction, and medial rotation?
Which muscle is a hip flexor that also contributes to trunk flexion because of its attachments in the lumbar spine and pelvis?
Which muscle is a hip flexor that also contributes to trunk flexion because of its attachments in the lumbar spine and pelvis?
What action is MOST limited by weakness in the gluteus maximus?
What action is MOST limited by weakness in the gluteus maximus?
If a patient has difficulty with plantar flexion of the foot when the knee is extended, which muscle is MOST likely affected?
If a patient has difficulty with plantar flexion of the foot when the knee is extended, which muscle is MOST likely affected?
Flashcards
Adductors
Adductors
Muscles that adduct the femur.
Hamstrings
Hamstrings
Muscles that flex the leg at the knee and assist in hip extension.
Quadriceps
Quadriceps
Muscles responsible for extending the knee and flexing the hip.
Sartorius
Sartorius
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Gastrocnemius
Gastrocnemius
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Soleus
Soleus
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Tibialis Anterior
Tibialis Anterior
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Peroneals
Peroneals
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Latissimus Dorsi
Latissimus Dorsi
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Quadratus Lumborum
Quadratus Lumborum
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Erector Spinae
Erector Spinae
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Piriformis
Piriformis
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Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Maximus
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Iliopsoas
Iliopsoas
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Study Notes
Need to Know
- Adductors: Adduct the femur
- Hamstrings: Flex the leg at the knee, assist hip extension
- Quadriceps: Extend the knee, flex the hip
- Sartorius: Flexes knee and hip, laterally rotates the femur, stabilises knee and hip
- ITB (Iliotibial Band): Stabilises knee and hip
- Gastrocnemius: Plantar flexion, knee extended
- Soleus: Plantar flexion, knee flexed
- Tibialis Anterior: Dorsiflexion and inversion
- Peroneals: Eversion and plantar flexion
Nice to Know
- Pubic bone and ischium: Medial edge of the femur
- Ischium, femur, and fibula: Involved in actions
- Femur and AIIS, tibia: Involved in actions
- Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS), tibia, and ilium: Involved in actions
- Femur, calcaneus, tibia and fibula, calcaneus, tibia, 1st metatarsal and cuneiform (a tarsal), fibula, 1st and 5th metatarsals: Involved in actions
Back & Pelvis
- Latissimus Dorsi: Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus. Attached to the iliac crest, T7-S5, humerus
- Quadratus Lumborum: Extends and laterally flexes the trunk. Extend trunk when both sides contract (laterally flex trunk when one side contracts). Attached to the sacrum, all vertebrae, ribs, and occipital bone
- Erector Spinae: Extend the trunk. Sacrum, all vertebrae, ribs, occipital bone.
- Piriformis: Laterally rotates the leg
- Gluteus Maximus: Extends and laterally rotates the femur
- Gluteus Medius: Abducts and medially rotates the femur
- Tensor Fascia Latae: Flexes, abducts, and medially rotates the hip
- Iliopsoas: Hip flexor; also flexes the trunk. Attached to L1-L5 (psoas), ilium (iliacus), lesser trochanter
Buttocks & Legs
- Sacrum, Ilium, and Femur: Involved in actions
- Ilium, greater trochanter: Involved in actions
- Iliac crest, ITB: Involved in actions
- L1-L5 (psoas), Ilium (iliacus), Lesser trochanter: Involved in actions
Notes
- Adductor magnus, longus, brevis, gracilis, pectineus: 5 muscles that adduct the thigh.
- Biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus: 3 muscles that flex the knee.
- Rectus femoris, vastus medialis, intermedius, lateralis: 4 muscles that extend the knee
- Tailor's muscle: A term for the sartorius muscle.
- Gastrocnemius (and soleus): Important for running and walking, and hill walking; attaches to the Achilles tendon.
- Ilicostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis: Muscles of the back
- Rectus femoris, Vastus muscles: Muscles involved in extending knee for various actions.
- Gluteus minimus: Involved in actions on lower back. Gluteus medius and minimus have the same attachments & action.
- Important muscles acting together: The iliopsoas and psoas muscles
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Description
Test your knowledge of muscle anatomy and their functions related to the hip, knee, and lower leg. This quiz covers various muscle groups including adductors, hamstrings, quadriceps, and more. Challenge yourself to understand how these muscles contribute to movement and stability.
