MongoDB Collection Creation and Document Insertion Quiz
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Which one of the following is a characteristic of RDBMS?

  • Dynamic fields on demand
  • Ability to easily alter table structure
  • Many-to-many relationship between tables
  • Enforced structured data model based on tables with predefined schemas (correct)

    • What is the problem with RDBMS?

  • Fixed schema (correct)
  • Dynamic fields on demand
  • Ability to easily alter table structure
  • Many-to-many relationship between tables

    • Which of the following is not a feature of RDBMS?

  • Primary keys
  • Dynamic fields on demand (correct)
  • Data types of the data columns
  • Relationships between tables

    • Which method in MongoDB is used to insert multiple documents at once?

    <p>insertMany()</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method in MongoDB is used to select data from a collection and accepts a query object?

    <p>find()</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parameter is used to specify which fields to include in the results when using the find() method in MongoDB?

    <p>projection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method in MongoDB is used to update an existing document and update the first document that matches the query provided?

    <p>updateOne()</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method can be used to query a collection in MongoDB?

    <p>find()</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the syntax for specifying query filters in MongoDB Query Language (MQL)?

    <p>{ 'key': { '$selector': expression } }</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which query operator is used to match a value greater than another value in MongoDB?

    <p>$gt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which update operator is used to increment the value of a field in MongoDB?

    <p>$inc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of scaling relies on adding more resources to a single server when data size grows?

    <p>Vertical scaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does NoSQL often stand for?

    <p>Not Only SQL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of database system allows dynamic data structures and horizontal scalability?

    <p>Document-oriented</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between SQL and NoSQL databases?

    <p>SQL databases have fixed schema, while NoSQL databases have dynamic schema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used to create a new user in the MongoDB Atlas dashboard?

    <p>Database Access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can you find the official instructions to install mongosh?

    <p><a href="https://www.mongodb.com/docs/mongodb-shell/install/">https://www.mongodb.com/docs/mongodb-shell/install/</a></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does CRUD operations stand for in MongoDB?

    <p>Create, Read, Update, Delete</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you see all available databases in mongosh?

    <p>Type 'show dbs' in the terminal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which programming languages are officially supported by MongoDB?

    <p>Go</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended way to load sample data into a MongoDB Atlas database?

    <p>Click the ellipsis and select 'Load Sample Dataset'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What package do you need to install in your Node.js project to use MongoDB?

    <p>mongodb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method can be used to find the first document in a MongoDB collection using the MongoDB Node.js language driver?

    <p>collection.findOne()</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Node.js is a _______ that allows you to run JavaScript on the server side.

    <p>runtime environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To use MongoDB with Node.js, you will need to install the _______ package in your Node.js project.

    <p>mongodb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To connect to a MongoDB Atlas database, you need to get the _______ from the Atlas dashboard.

    <p>connection string</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To use MongoDB with Node.js, you will need to install the _______ package in your Node.js project.

    <p>mongodb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    const uri

    <p>mongodb+srv://:@.mongodb.net/</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Let's add to our index.js file. const client = new MongoClient(uri); async function run() { try { await client.connect(); const db = client.db('sample_mflix'); const collection = db.collection('movies'); // Find the first document in the collection const first = await collection.findOne(); console.log(first); } finally { // Close the database connection when finished or an error occurs await client.close(); } } run().catch(console.error);

    <p>Connecting to MongoDB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Just as we did using mongosh, we can use the MongoDB Node.js language driver to create, read, update, and delete in the database. Expanding on the previous example, we can replace the collection.findOne() with find(), insertOne(), insertMany(), u pdateOne(), updateMany(), deleteOne(), or deleteMany(). Give some of those a try.

    <p>CRUD operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the MongoDB Atlas database in this tutorial?

    <p>To load and interact with sample data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What command is used to install the mongodb package in a Node.js project?

    <p>npm install mongodb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method is used to find the first document in a MongoDB collection using the MongoDB Node.js language driver?

    <p>collection.findOne()</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    RDBMS (Relational Database Management System)

    • Stands for "Relational Database Management System"
    • Enforced structured data model based on tables with predefined schemas
    • Each table in a database schema has a unique name and defines the structure of the data it stores, including:
      • Data types of the data columns
      • Relationships between tables
      • Constraints
      • Primary keys
      • Foreign keys
    • Fixed schema
    • Need to alter the table structure if the schema changes, which is complex and time-consuming
    • Cannot have dynamic fields on demand, i.e., add a field for specific records
    • Scale up (Vertical scaling): relies on vertical scaling, adding more resources to a single server, which is expensive and not designed to be distributed
    • Use centralized architecture

    NoSQL Database

    • Often interpreted as "Not Only SQL"
    • A class of schema-less database system
    • Allows dynamic data structures
    • Horizontal scalability
    • Distributes data across multiple servers to handle large volumes of data
    • Supports different types of data models

    NoSQL Types

    • Key-value stores
    • Graph database
    • Document-oriented
    • Column family

    MongoDB

    • An open-source, document-oriented database designed with scalability and developer agility in mind
    • Stores data in JSON-like documents with dynamic schemas (schema-free, schema-less)
    • Features:
      • Document-oriented database
      • Built-in horizontal scalability
      • High performance and indexing
      • Rich queries and data aggregations
      • Integration with various application frameworks
      • Large ecosystem and community

    MongoDB vs RDBMS

    • RDBMS has a fixed schema, while MongoDB has a dynamic schema
    • RDBMS is best suited for complex queries, while MongoDB is not good for complex queries
    • RDBMS is vertically scalable, while MongoDB is horizontally scalable

    MongoDB Atlas

    • A cloud database platform
    • Easier to use than hosting a local database
    • Allows for deployment of a database by setting up a free "Shared Cluster" and choosing a preferred cloud provider and region

    MongoDB CRUD Operations

    • Create: create or insert operations add new documents to a collection
    • Read: retrieve documents from a collection
    • Update: modify existing documents in a collection
    • Delete: remove documents from a collection

    MongoDB mongosh

    • A way to interact with a MongoDB database
    • Can be used to create a database, collection, and documents
    • Can perform CRUD operations
    • Can be used to query and manipulate data

    Creating a Database and Collection

    • Use the use command to create or switch to a database
    • Use the createCollection() method to create a collection
    • Alternatively, a collection can be created during the insert process

    Inserting Documents

    • Use the insertOne() method to insert a single document
    • Use the insertMany() method to insert multiple documents
    • Documents can be JSON objects

    Querying Data

    • Use the find() method to select data from a collection
    • Use the findOne() method to select only one document
    • Can use a query object to filter data
    • Can use a projection object to specify which fields to include in the results

    Updating Documents

    • Use the updateOne() method to update the first document that matches the query
    • Use the updateMany() method to update all documents that match the query
    • Can use the upsert option to insert a document if it is not found

    Deleting Documents

    • Use the deleteOne() method to delete the first document that matches the query
    • Use the deleteMany() method to delete all documents that match the query
    • Can use the drop() method to remove a collection or view from the database### MongoDB Basics
    • MongoDB is a NoSQL database that allows for dynamic schema changes.
    • It uses a document-oriented data model, where each document is a JSON-like object with a dynamic schema.

    MongoDB Query Language (MQL)

    • MQL is based on a JSON-like syntax.
    • Valid query expression formats:
      • { "key": value, … }
      • { "key": { "$selector": expression, … }, … }
      • { "$selector": expression, … }
      • { "$selector": [expression, …], … }
    • Empty {} matches all documents.
    • Each key-value pair in the query must be satisfied.

    Query Selectors

    • Comparison selectors:
      • $eq: values are equal
      • $ne: values are not equal
      • $gt: value is greater than another value
      • $gte: value is greater than or equal to another value
      • $lt: value is less than another value
      • $lte: value is less than or equal to another value
      • $in: value is matched within an array
    • Logical selectors:
      • $and: returns documents where both queries match
      • $or: returns documents where either query matches
      • $nor: returns documents where both queries fail to match
      • $not: returns documents where the query does not match
    • Evaluation selectors:
      • $regex: allows the use of regular expressions when evaluating field values
      • $text: performs a text search
      • $where: uses a JavaScript expression to match documents

    Update Operators

    • Fields:
      • $currentDate: sets the field value to the current date
      • $inc: increments the field value
      • $rename: renames the field
      • $set: sets the value of a field
      • $unset: removes the field from the document
    • Arrays:
      • $addToSet: adds distinct elements to an array
      • $pop: removes the first or last element of an array
      • $pull: removes all elements from an array that match the query
      • $push: adds an element to an array

    MongoDB Node.js Driver

    • To use MongoDB with Node.js, you need to install the mongodb package.
    • Import the MongoClient class: import { MongoClient } from 'mongodb';
    • Connect to the database using the connection string: const client = new MongoClient(uri);
    • Create a database and collection: const db = client.db('sample_mflix'); const collection = db.collection('movies');

    CRUD Operations

    • Create: insertOne() and insertMany() methods add new documents to a collection.
    • Read: retrieve documents from a collection.
    • Update: modify existing documents in a collection.
    • Delete: remove documents from a collection.

    MongoDB Atlas

    • Create a cluster to deploy a database.
    • Create a user and add IP addresses to the list of allowed IP addresses.
    • Connect to the database using the MongoDB Shell (mongosh).
    • Use the connection string provided by the MongoDB Atlas dashboard.

    MongoDB Shell (mongosh)

    • Install mongosh on your operating system.
    • Verify the installation by typing mongosh in the terminal.
    • Connect to the database using the connection string.
    • Use the db command to see which database you are using.
    • Use the show dbs command to see all available databases.
    • Use the use command to change or create a new database.### MongoDB Basics
    • MongoDB is a NoSQL database that allows for flexible schema design and scalable data storage.
    • MongoDB provides a MongoDB Shell (mongosh) for interacting with the database.

    Inserting Data

    • db.posts.insertOne() method is used to insert a single document into a collection.
    • db.posts.insertMany() method is used to insert multiple documents into a collection.
    • If a collection does not exist, MongoDB will create it automatically when inserting documents.

    Finding Data

    • find() method is used to retrieve data from a collection.
    • findOne() method is used to retrieve a single document from a collection.
    • Both methods accept a query object to filter results.
    • Projection is used to specify which fields to include in the results.

    Updating Data

    • updateOne() method is used to update a single document in a collection.
    • updateMany() method is used to update multiple documents in a collection.
    • The $set operator is used to update a field in a document.
    • The $inc operator is used to increment a field in a document.

    Deleting Data

    • deleteOne() method is used to delete a single document from a collection.
    • deleteMany() method is used to delete multiple documents from a collection.
    • drop() method is used to delete a collection or view from the database.

    Query Language

    • MongoDB Query Language (MQL) is used for querying and manipulating data.
    • MQL is based on a JSON-like syntax.
    • Queries can be used to filter data using various operators, such as $gt, $lt, $eq, and $in.

    Query Operators

    • Comparison operators: $eq, $ne, $gt, $gte, $lt, $lte, and $in.
    • Logical operators: $and, $or, and $nor.
    • Evaluation operators: $regex and $text.

    MongoDB Node.js Driver

    • The MongoDB Node.js driver is used to interact with a MongoDB database in a Node.js application.
    • The driver provides methods for inserting, finding, updating, and deleting data.
    • The driver can be used to connect to a MongoDB Atlas database.

    CRUD Operations

    • Create: insertOne() and insertMany() methods.
    • Read: find() and findOne() methods.
    • Update: updateOne() and updateMany() methods.
    • Delete: deleteOne() and deleteMany() methods.

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    Lec5_MongoDB_Oct22_student.pptx

    Description

    Test your knowledge on MongoDB and its collection creation and document insertion features in this quiz. Learn about automatic collection creation and how to insert multiple documents at once.

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