Podcast
Questions and Answers
The molecular shape of ammonia is described as AB2E2.
The molecular shape of ammonia is described as AB2E2.
False
Water has a bent molecular shape, referred to as V-shaped or angular.
Water has a bent molecular shape, referred to as V-shaped or angular.
True
The molecular shape of sulfur hexafluoride is octahedral, denoted as AB6.
The molecular shape of sulfur hexafluoride is octahedral, denoted as AB6.
True
Cisplatin has a square planar molecular shape, categorized as AB4E2.
Cisplatin has a square planar molecular shape, categorized as AB4E2.
Signup and view all the answers
Sulfur hexafluoride is flammable and has a boiling point of 64 °C.
Sulfur hexafluoride is flammable and has a boiling point of 64 °C.
Signup and view all the answers
The molecular shape classified as AB3E corresponds to a trigonal planar configuration.
The molecular shape classified as AB3E corresponds to a trigonal planar configuration.
Signup and view all the answers
Each molecule of SonoVue® contains 8 μL of sulfur hexafluoride microbubbles.
Each molecule of SonoVue® contains 8 μL of sulfur hexafluoride microbubbles.
Signup and view all the answers
The molecular shape of water can be correctly represented as AB4E2.
The molecular shape of water can be correctly represented as AB4E2.
Signup and view all the answers
In the molecular structure of ammonia, the nitrogen atom is at the apex of a trigonal pyramidal shape.
In the molecular structure of ammonia, the nitrogen atom is at the apex of a trigonal pyramidal shape.
Signup and view all the answers
The chemical formula for cisplatin is represented as cis-Pt(NH3)2Cl2.
The chemical formula for cisplatin is represented as cis-Pt(NH3)2Cl2.
Signup and view all the answers
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is used to improve signal to noise ratio in ultrasound imaging.
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is used to improve signal to noise ratio in ultrasound imaging.
Signup and view all the answers
EDTA is an example of a monovalent chelating agent used for sequestering metal ions.
EDTA is an example of a monovalent chelating agent used for sequestering metal ions.
Signup and view all the answers
The molecular shape of the octahedral complex formed by Fe2+ ions in water is AB6.
The molecular shape of the octahedral complex formed by Fe2+ ions in water is AB6.
Signup and view all the answers
Echocardiography is improved by using agents that reduce the echogenicity of blood.
Echocardiography is improved by using agents that reduce the echogenicity of blood.
Signup and view all the answers
EDTA can form complexes with metal ions such as Fe2+, resulting in a square planar molecular shape.
EDTA can form complexes with metal ions such as Fe2+, resulting in a square planar molecular shape.
Signup and view all the answers
When dissolved in water, FeSO4 results in the formation of octahedral complexes with hydroxide ions.
When dissolved in water, FeSO4 results in the formation of octahedral complexes with hydroxide ions.
Signup and view all the answers
Liquid agents used as eye lubricants can reduce eye dryness effectively.
Liquid agents used as eye lubricants can reduce eye dryness effectively.
Signup and view all the answers
Molecular shapes can be predicted based on the types of ligands and their geometrical arrangement around a metal ion.
Molecular shapes can be predicted based on the types of ligands and their geometrical arrangement around a metal ion.
Signup and view all the answers
Sulfur hexafluoride is a trivalent compound used in echocardiography.
Sulfur hexafluoride is a trivalent compound used in echocardiography.
Signup and view all the answers
Octahedral complexes consist of six ligands coordinating to a central metal ion.
Octahedral complexes consist of six ligands coordinating to a central metal ion.
Signup and view all the answers
The angle in methane (CH4) is 109.5°.
The angle in methane (CH4) is 109.5°.
Signup and view all the answers
The actual angle in the sulfite ion (SO32−) is 109.5°.
The actual angle in the sulfite ion (SO32−) is 109.5°.
Signup and view all the answers
In VSEPR theory, lone/lone pair repulsions are less significant than bonding/bonding pair repulsions.
In VSEPR theory, lone/lone pair repulsions are less significant than bonding/bonding pair repulsions.
Signup and view all the answers
The ferrous hexaaqua ion is represented as Fe(H2O)62+.
The ferrous hexaaqua ion is represented as Fe(H2O)62+.
Signup and view all the answers
In VSEPR theory, multiple bonds should be treated as separate bonds for the purposes of angle calculation.
In VSEPR theory, multiple bonds should be treated as separate bonds for the purposes of angle calculation.
Signup and view all the answers
The actual angle in water (H2O) is greater than 104.5°.
The actual angle in water (H2O) is greater than 104.5°.
Signup and view all the answers
The number of valence electron pairs must be calculated to apply VSEPR theory.
The number of valence electron pairs must be calculated to apply VSEPR theory.
Signup and view all the answers
Bonding pairs are favored to be as far from other bonding pairs as possible in a molecule.
Bonding pairs are favored to be as far from other bonding pairs as possible in a molecule.
Signup and view all the answers
The bonding angle in ammonia (NH3) is 107°.
The bonding angle in ammonia (NH3) is 107°.
Signup and view all the answers
Lone pairs exert less repulsion compared to bonding pairs in VSEPR theory.
Lone pairs exert less repulsion compared to bonding pairs in VSEPR theory.
Signup and view all the answers
The molecular shape classified as AB4E2 is known as angular.
The molecular shape classified as AB4E2 is known as angular.
Signup and view all the answers
Ammonia can be represented as a molecular shape AB4E.
Ammonia can be represented as a molecular shape AB4E.
Signup and view all the answers
The molecular shape of water (H2O) is classified as AB2E2.
The molecular shape of water (H2O) is classified as AB2E2.
Signup and view all the answers
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) has a boiling point of 64 °F.
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) has a boiling point of 64 °F.
Signup and view all the answers
Cisplatin contains platinum and has a square planar molecular geometry.
Cisplatin contains platinum and has a square planar molecular geometry.
Signup and view all the answers
The molecular shape of sulfur hexafluoride is classified as AB5E.
The molecular shape of sulfur hexafluoride is classified as AB5E.
Signup and view all the answers
The compound SonoVue® contains sulfur hexafluoride microbubbles in a concentration of 8 μL per mL.
The compound SonoVue® contains sulfur hexafluoride microbubbles in a concentration of 8 μL per mL.
Signup and view all the answers
In VSEPR theory, lone pairs exert more repulsion compared to bonding pairs.
In VSEPR theory, lone pairs exert more repulsion compared to bonding pairs.
Signup and view all the answers
The chemical formula for sulfur hexafluoride is S2F6.
The chemical formula for sulfur hexafluoride is S2F6.
Signup and view all the answers
The trigonal pyramidal shape of ammonia positions the nitrogen atom at the base of the structure.
The trigonal pyramidal shape of ammonia positions the nitrogen atom at the base of the structure.
Signup and view all the answers
The actual bond angle in the water molecule (H2O) is 104.5°.
The actual bond angle in the water molecule (H2O) is 104.5°.
Signup and view all the answers
In VSEPR theory, bonding pairs are more repulsive than lone pairs.
In VSEPR theory, bonding pairs are more repulsive than lone pairs.
Signup and view all the answers
The coordination number of Fe2+ in the ferrous hexaaqua ion is 4.
The coordination number of Fe2+ in the ferrous hexaaqua ion is 4.
Signup and view all the answers
EDTA is a divalent chelating agent that forms a square planar complex with metal ions.
EDTA is a divalent chelating agent that forms a square planar complex with metal ions.
Signup and view all the answers
Sulfite ion (SO32−) has an actual angle of 106°.
Sulfite ion (SO32−) has an actual angle of 106°.
Signup and view all the answers
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is utilized in ultrasound imaging to enhance the echogenicity of blood.
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is utilized in ultrasound imaging to enhance the echogenicity of blood.
Signup and view all the answers
Multiple bonds should be treated as separate bonds in VSEPR theory.
Multiple bonds should be treated as separate bonds in VSEPR theory.
Signup and view all the answers
The chemical structure of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid includes four nitrogen atoms.
The chemical structure of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid includes four nitrogen atoms.
Signup and view all the answers
The geometry of methane (CH4) is described by the formula AB4.
The geometry of methane (CH4) is described by the formula AB4.
Signup and view all the answers
When FeSO4 dissolves in water, it results in the formation of divalent iron ions only.
When FeSO4 dissolves in water, it results in the formation of divalent iron ions only.
Signup and view all the answers
The bond angle in a trigonal planar molecule exceeds 120°.
The bond angle in a trigonal planar molecule exceeds 120°.
Signup and view all the answers
The molecular shape of an octahedral complex is denoted as AB6, indicating six ligands around a central atom.
The molecular shape of an octahedral complex is denoted as AB6, indicating six ligands around a central atom.
Signup and view all the answers
In VSEPR theory, it is energetically more favorable for bonding pairs to be as far apart from each other as possible.
In VSEPR theory, it is energetically more favorable for bonding pairs to be as far apart from each other as possible.
Signup and view all the answers
The primary use of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is as a reducing agent in chemical reactions.
The primary use of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is as a reducing agent in chemical reactions.
Signup and view all the answers
The chemical formula of ferrous sulfate is Fe2(SO4)3.
The chemical formula of ferrous sulfate is Fe2(SO4)3.
Signup and view all the answers
In the context of echocardiography, reducing the echogenicity of blood is beneficial for imaging.
In the context of echocardiography, reducing the echogenicity of blood is beneficial for imaging.
Signup and view all the answers
The angle in ammonia (NH3) is less than 107°.
The angle in ammonia (NH3) is less than 107°.
Signup and view all the answers
The octahedral complex formed by Fe2+ ions in water has a molecular shape denoted as AB4.
The octahedral complex formed by Fe2+ ions in water has a molecular shape denoted as AB4.
Signup and view all the answers
Sulfur hexafluoride is a non-toxic gas commonly used in industrial applications.
Sulfur hexafluoride is a non-toxic gas commonly used in industrial applications.
Signup and view all the answers
To enhance the signal to noise ratio in echocardiography, a lower echogenicity of the blood should be targeted.
To enhance the signal to noise ratio in echocardiography, a lower echogenicity of the blood should be targeted.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Molecular Shape - AB3E (Trigonal Pyramidal)
- Ammonia (NH3) has a trigonal pyramidal shape
- The central nitrogen atom is surrounded by three hydrogen atoms and a lone pair of electrons
- The lone pair of electrons repels the hydrogen atoms, causing the molecule to adopt a pyramidal shape
- The bond angle between the hydrogen atoms is approximately 107 degrees
Molecular Shape - AB2E2 (Bent, Angular, V-shaped)
- Water (H2O) has a bent or angular shape
- The central oxygen atom is surrounded by two hydrogen atoms and two lone pairs of electrons
- The lone pairs of electrons repel the hydrogen atoms, causing the molecule to adopt a bent shape
- The bond angle between the hydrogen atoms is approximately 104.5 degrees
Molecular Shape - AB2E2 (Bent, Angular, V-shaped)
- Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has a bent or angular shape
- The central sulfur atom is surrounded by two hydrogen atoms and two lone pairs of electrons
- The lone pairs of electrons repel the hydrogen atoms, causing the molecule to adopt a bent shape
- The bond angle between the hydrogen atoms is approximately 92 degrees
Molecular Shape - AB4E2 (Square Planar)
- Cisplatin (cis-PtCl2(NH3)2) has a square planar shape
- The central platinum atom is surrounded by two chlorine atoms, two ammonia molecules, and two lone pairs of electrons
- The lone pairs of electrons repel the other atoms, causing the molecule to adopt a square planar shape.
Molecular Shape - AB6 (Octahedral)
- Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) has an octahedral shape
- The central sulfur atom is surrounded by six fluorine atoms
- The bond angles between the fluorine atoms are all 90 degrees
- SF6 has a number of uses in industry, including as an insulator in high-voltage equipment and as a component of some firefighting foam.
Molecular Shape - AB6 (Octahedral)
- EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) has an octahedral shape
- EDTA is a chelating agent, meaning it can bind to metal ions
- EDTA is used in a variety of applications, including as a food additive, a cleaning agent, and a pharmaceutical agent
Molecular Shape - AB6 (Octahedral)
- Ferrous Sulfate (FeSO4) in water forms an octahedral complex
- When FeSO4 dissolves in water, the Fe2+ ions form an octahedral complex with water molecules
- The Fe2+ ion is surrounded by six water molecules, which are arranged in an octahedral shape
VSEPR Theory
- VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory is used to predict the shape of molecules
- It states that electron pairs around a central atom will arrange themselves to minimize repulsion.
- Lone pairs of electrons exert a greater repulsive force than bonding pairs of electrons
- The bond angle between the hydrogen atoms in NH3 is 107 degrees, which is slightly less than the ideal tetrahedral angle of 109.5 degrees, because of the repulsion between the lone pair of electrons and the bonding pairs of electrons
Molecular Shape – AB3E (Trigonal Pyramidal)
- Ammonia (NH3) has a trigonal pyramidal shape.
- The central nitrogen atom is surrounded by three hydrogen atoms and one lone pair of electrons.
- The lone pair repels the bonding pairs, reducing the bond angle to less than 109.5°.
Molecular Shape – AB2E2 (Bent, Angular, V-shaped)
- Water (H2O) has a bent shape.
- The central oxygen atom is surrounded by two hydrogen atoms and two lone pairs of electrons.
- The lone pairs repel the bonding pairs, leading to a smaller bond angle than 109.5°.
Molecular Shape – AB4E2 (Square Planar)
- Cisplatin (cis-PtCl2(NH3)2) has a square planar shape.
- The central platinum atom is coordinated to two ammonia ligands and two chloride ligands.
- The two ammonia ligands and two chloride ligands are located in the same plane, with the platinum atom at the center.
Molecular Shape – AB6 (Octahedral)
- Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) has an octahedral shape.
- The central sulfur atom is bonded to six fluorine atoms arranged at the corners of a regular octahedron.
- This shape is symmetrical with six bonding pairs and no lone pairs of electrons.
SF6 Applications
- SF6 is a colorless, odorless, non-flammable gas used in echocardiography to enhance the echogenicity of the blood.
- SonoVue®, a drug containing SF6 microbubbles, is used in ultrasound imaging.
EDTA and Chelates Formation
- Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is a chelating agent which binds to metal ions.
- EDTA forms an octahedral complex with metal ions such as Fe2+, acting as a chelating agent.
Fe2+ Complexation
- When ferrous sulphate (FeSO4) dissolves in water, the Fe2+ ions form an octahedral complex with water molecules.
- This results in the formation of the ferrous hexaaqua ion, [Fe(H2O)6]2+.
VSEPR Theory
- VSEPR theory predicts the geometry of molecules by considering the repulsion between electron pairs around a central atom.
- Lone pairs of electrons have more repulsion than bonding pairs, affecting the bond angle.
- Multiple bonds are treated as single bonds, simplifying the VSEPR analysis.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz explores molecular shapes, focusing on the trigonal pyramidal shape of ammonia and the bent shapes of water and hydrogen sulfide. You'll learn about the impact of lone pairs of electrons on molecular geometry and bond angles. Test your understanding of these molecular structures!
