Molecular Shapes and Bond Angles in Chemistry
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Questions and Answers

Electron pairs repel and try to get as far apart as possible to a position of minimum ______.

repulsion

If there are no lone pairs, electron pairs repel ______.

equally

Lone pairs of electrons repel more than bonding pairs due to ______.

electronegativity

Lone pairs reduce bond angles by about 2.5 degrees per lone pair to minimize ______.

<p>repulsion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Square planar shape has a bond angle of ______ degrees.

<p>90</p> Signup and view all the answers

Linear shape has a bond angle of ______ degrees.

<p>180</p> Signup and view all the answers

A compound with elements of similar electronegativity will have a _______ bond

<p>purely covalent</p> Signup and view all the answers

A compound with elements of very different electronegativity will have an _______ bond

<p>ionic</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a polar compound, the element with the larger electronegativity will be the δ- _______

<p>end</p> Signup and view all the answers

A polar covalent bond forms when the elements have different electronegativities between _______ to 1.7

<p>0.3</p> Signup and view all the answers

A symmetrical molecule with all identical bonds and no lone pairs will be _______

<p>non-polar</p> Signup and view all the answers

CO2 is a symmetrical molecule and considered a _______ molecule

<p>non-polar</p> Signup and view all the answers

The strong electrostatic forces between positive ions and a sea of delocalised electrons require a lot of energy to break due to high _____________.

<p>bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

Solubility in water is generally good for substances that form _____________.

<p>ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Conductivity when solid is generally poor because the ions are fixed in the lattice and cannot _____________.

<p>move</p> Signup and view all the answers

Diamond and sand exhibit poor conductivity because electrons are _____________.

<p>localised</p> Signup and view all the answers

Malleability in shiny metals is due to the identical positive ions in the lattice, allowing planes of ions to easily _____________.

<p>slide</p> Signup and view all the answers

The shape of a molecule is determined by the number of bonding pairs and lone pairs of _____________.

<p>electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Electron pair repulsion

Electron pairs try to get as far apart as possible to minimize repulsion.

Equal repulsion

If there are no lone pairs, electron pairs repel equally.

Lone pair repulsion

Lone pairs repel more than bonding pairs due to electronegativity.

Bond angle reduction

Lone pairs reduce bond angles to minimize repulsion, about 2.5 degrees per lone pair.

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Square planar bond angle

90 degrees

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Linear bond angle

180 degrees

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Purely covalent bond

Forms when elements have similar electronegativity.

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Ionic bond

Forms when elements have very different electronegativity.

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δ- end (polar compound)

Element with larger electronegativity in a polar compound.

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Polar covalent bond range

Forms when electronegativity difference is between 0.3 and 1.7.

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Non-polar molecule

Symmetrical molecule with identical bonds and no lone pairs.

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Non-polar molecule example

CO2 is a non-polar molecule

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High bonds example

Strong electrostatic forces between positive ions and a sea of delocalised electrons.

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Solubility in water

Generally good for substances that form ions.

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Conductivity in solid

Generally poor because ions are fixed in the lattice and cannot move.

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Poor conductivity (Diamond, sand)

Electrons are localized.

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Malleability example (metals)

Identical positive ions in the lattice, allowing planes of ions to easily slide.

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Molecular shape factor

Determined by the number of bonding pairs and lone pairs of electrons.

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