10 Questions
What is the primary mechanism by which prostaglandins exert their actions?
By binding to a variety of distinct G-coupled protein receptors in cell membranes
What is the primary location of the receptors that prostaglandins bind to?
In the cell membrane
What type of protein receptors do prostaglandins bind to?
G-coupled protein receptors
What is the result of prostaglandins binding to their receptors?
Triggering of a signaling cascade
What is the main characteristic of the receptors that prostaglandins bind to?
They are coupled to G-proteins
What is a common ocular reaction associated with increased brown pigmentation?
Iris color change
Which of the following ocular reactions is likely to cause discomfort?
Ocular irritation
What is a potential consequence of increased number and pigment of eyelashes?
Blurred vision
Which of the following ocular reactions is a change in the appearance of the eye?
Iris color change
What is a common symptom associated with ocular irritation?
Foreign body sensation
Study Notes
Misoprostol
- Has a GI cytoprotective effect by stimulating mucus and bicarbonate production
- Side effects: diarrhea and abdominal pain
- Contraindicated during pregnancy due to its potential to induce abortion
Prostacyclin (PGI2) Analogs
- Examples: epoprostenol, iloprost, and treprostinil
- Are potent pulmonary vasodilators
- Used for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Prostaglandins
- Are unsaturated fatty acid derivatives
- Act on the tissues in which they are synthesized
- Are rapidly metabolized to inactive products at the site of action
- Actions are mediated by binding to distinct G-coupled protein receptors in cell membranes
Lubiprostone
- Indicated for the treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation, opioid-induced constipation, and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation.
- Derivative of PGE1.
Misoprostol
- Has a GI cytoprotective effect by stimulating mucus and bicarbonate production.
- Side effects: diarrhea, abdominal pain.
- Contraindicated during pregnancy due to potential to induce abortion.
Prostaglandin F2α Analogs
- Include: bimatoprost, latanoprost, tafluprost, travoprost.
- Uses: treatment of open-angle glaucoma by binding to prostaglandin receptors, increasing uveoscleral outflow, and reducing intraocular pressure.
- Ocular reactions: blurred vision, iris color change (increased brown pigmentation), increased number and pigment of eyelashes, ocular irritation, and foreign body sensation.
This quiz covers the mechanisms of misoprostol's gastrointestinal cytoprotective effects, including its role in mucus and bicarbonate production. Learn about the benefits of misoprostol in protecting the GI tract. Test your knowledge of pharmacology!
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