40 Questions
What is the significance of a pre-sensitized state of the host in hypersensitivity reactions?
It is a necessary condition for a hypersensitivity reaction to occur.
What is the time frame for the onset of a type I hypersensitivity reaction?
Within 15-30 minutes of exposure to the antigen.
What is the primary cellular component involved in type I hypersensitivity reactions?
Mast cells or basophils
What is the name of the type of hypersensitivity reaction that involves skin, eyes, nasopharynx, bronchopulmonary tissues, and gastrointestinal tract?
Type I hypersensitivity
What type of immunoglobulin is involved in mediating type I hypersensitivity reactions?
IgE
What is the range of symptoms that can occur in a type I hypersensitivity reaction?
A range of symptoms from minor inconvenience to death
What is the characteristic of hypersensitivity reactions?
They are excessive and undesirable reactions
What type of cells are mainly found in a biopsy of the reaction site?
Mast cells and eosinophils
What is the primary function of IgE in type-I hypersensitivity reactions?
Binding to mast cells and basophils
Which of the following is NOT a common allergen?
Viral particles
What is the preferred mechanism of therapeutic intervention for type-I hypersensitivity reactions?
Avoidance of the responsible allergen
Which cytokines are produced by TH cells in individuals prone to type-I hypersensitivity?
IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13
What is the primary purpose of skin tests in diagnosing type-I hypersensitivity reactions?
To determine the individual's susceptibility to the allergen
Which of the following cells secrete IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in individuals prone to type-I hypersensitivity?
TH cells
What is the primary goal of hypo sensitization in treating allergies?
To stimulate the production of IgG blocking antibodies
What type of hypersensitivity reaction is primarily mediated by IgM or IgG antibodies and complement?
Type II hypersensitivity
What is the role of phagocytes and NK cells in Type II hypersensitivity?
They play a secondary role in the reaction
What is the mechanism of action of anti-histamines in treating allergic symptoms?
They block histamine receptors
What type of medications are used to provide short-term relief from bronchoconstriction in allergic reactions?
Bronchodilators
What is the time frame of Type II hypersensitivity reactions?
Minutes to hours
What type of antigens are typically involved in Type II hypersensitivity reactions?
Both endogenous and exogenous proteins
What is the result of the combination of IgG or IgM with Ag on cell surface or tissue?
Lysis or inactivation of the target cell
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of destroying target cells?
Apoptosis
What is the cause of Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn?
Maternal IgG Ab's crossing the placenta
What is the result of mismatched blood types in blood transfusions?
Complement-mediated lysis
Which autoimmune disease is characterized by Ab's produced vs thyroid hormone receptor?
Grave's Disease
What is the mechanism of action of NK cells in ADCC?
Antibody-dependent cytotoxicity
What is the result of immune adherence in phagocytosis?
Phagocytosis of target cells
What is the characteristic of Hyperacute graft rejection?
Immediate immune response
What is the consequence of Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn in severe cases?
Erythroblastosis fetalis
Which of the following processes is responsible for the destruction of target cells through the action of NK cells?
Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity
What is the primary mechanism of Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn?
Maternal IgG Ab's crossing the placenta
Which autoimmune disease is characterized by Ab's produced vs acetylcholine receptors?
Myasthenia Gravis
What is the result of the activation of the complement system in Type II hypersensitivity?
Lysis of target cells
Which of the following is an example of Type II hypersensitivity reactions?
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
What is the mechanism of action of IgG in blood transfusion reactions?
IgG-mediated complement activation
Which of the following cells is responsible for phagocytosis of target cells?
Phagocytic cells
What is the consequence of mismatched blood types in blood transfusions?
All of the above
Which of the following autoimmune diseases is characterized by Ab's produced vs thyroid hormone receptor?
Grave's Disease
What is the mechanism of action of IgG in ADCC?
IgG-mediated ADCC through NK cells
Test your knowledge of hypersensitivity reactions, including type I and type II reactions, and their relation to immunology and microbiology. This quiz covers the principles of hypersensitivity reactions, their types, and their effects on the human body.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
