Hypersensitivity Reactions in Immunology
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Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism of Type III hypersensitivity reaction?

  • Release of cytokines and activation of macrophages
  • T-cell mediated reaction
  • Immune complex deposition and activation of complement system (correct)
  • Immediate hypersensitivity reaction

    • What is the primary defect in autoimmune diseases?

  • Overactive immune response
  • Failure of immune system to distinguish between 'self' and 'nonself' (correct)
  • Deficiency of T-cells
  • Imbalance of cytokine production

    • What is the primary cause of immunodeficiency in HIV infection?

  • Deficiency of cytokine production
  • Infection of macrophages
  • Defect in antigen presentation
  • Infection of T helper cells (correct)

    • What is the characteristic feature of Delayed Hypersensitivity Reaction?

    <p>Activation of macrophages and formation of granulomas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Type IV hypersensitivity reaction?

    <p>T cell-mediated reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the route of transmission of HIV virus?

    <p>Sexual transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hypersensitivity reaction is mediated by immune complexes?

    <p>Type III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is characterized by a delayed onset and is mediated by T cells?

    <p>Type IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of Type II hypersensitivity reactions?

    <p>Antibody-mediated cytotoxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of Type I hypersensitivity reactions?

    <p>IgE-mediated degranulation of mast cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is most commonly associated with autoimmune diseases?

    <p>Type II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions?

    <p>The duration of the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the deposition of antigen-antibody complexes on tissues in Type III reactions?

    <p>Activation of the complement system and inflammatory reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of muscle weakness in myasthenia gravis?

    <p>Antibodies to acetylcholine receptors of skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of histamine release from mast cells?

    <p>Vasodilatation and increased vascular permeability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction is characterized by the binding of antibodies to cell surface antigens on specific cells and tissues?

    <p>Type II hypersensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the increased migration of eosinophils and neutrophils at the site of local injury?

    <p>Eosinophilia and neutrophilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of incompatible or mismatched blood transfusion?

    <p>Type II hypersensitivity reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

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