Immunology Quiz: Hypersensitivity Reactions
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Questions and Answers

What is the likely diagnosis of a female patient who has lost 5 kg despite having a good appetite?

  • Inflammatory bowel disease
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis
  • Iron deficiency anemia (correct)
  • Antiphospholipid syndrome

    • What is the next appropriate step for a patient with iron deficiency anemia?

  • Upper endoscopy with duodenal biopsy (correct)
  • Blood transfusion
  • Colonoscopy
  • Stool culture for clostridium difficile

    • Which of the following makes Ulcerative colitis more likely than Crohn's disease?

  • ESR
  • CRP
  • Continuous lesion starting from the rectum (correct)
  • Elevated creatinine kinase

    • What is the most useful test in case of polymyositis?

    <p>Elevated creatinine kinase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely diagnosis of a female patient with recent left-sided weakness and a history of similar attacks?

    <p>Antiphospholipid syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate treatment for community-acquired pneumonia?

    <p>Institute empirical therapy in the ER</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about hemophilia A?

    <p>It prolongs activated Partial thromboplastin time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recognized complication of liver cirrhosis?

    <p>SBP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnosis of a patient with hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, elevated BUN, and normal BP?

    <p>SIADH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of HBV infection in children?

    <p>Higher rate of chronic infection compared to adults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications should not be given to a patient already on beta blockers?

    <p>Verapamil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of acute HEV infection in pregnant women?

    <p>Less symptomatic than in non-pregnant women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of hepatorenal syndrome?

    <p>Proteinuria &gt; 1+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can we prove successful HBV vaccination?

    <p>Presence of HBsAb &gt; 10 IU/mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in a hypertensive patient taking spironolactone?

    <p>Low BP due to spironolactone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnosis of a patient with urine protein (+1), white blood cell count (WBC) casts, and normal sodium levels?

    <p>Acute interstitial nephritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism does the body use to excrete excess potassium?

    <p>Increases potassium secretion through the DCT and collecting duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a indication of the severity of aortic stenosis?

    <p>Thrill over the right second intercostal space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not a complication of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?

    <p>Masked hypertension is usually benign and good prognosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the possible diagnosis for a patient with hypotension, tachycardia, and muffled heart sounds after being stabbed in the chest?

    <p>Cardiac tamponade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is associated with IgE-mediated allergies?

    <p>Type I HSR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best time to take anti-hypertensive medication?

    <p>At bedtime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of nocturnal hypertension?

    <p>Associated with chronic kidney disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the autoimmune disease characterized by hemolytic anemia?

    <p>Autoimmune hemolytic anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of hypersensitivity reaction?

    <p>Type V HSR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phenomenon associated with autoimmune hepatitis?

    <p>Raynaud's phenomenon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the TB drug that is responsible for a decrease in the effectiveness of oral contraceptive pills?

    <p>Rifampin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What markers are used to confirm the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis?

    <p>ANA, SMA, and anti-LKM1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is known to be associated with torsade de pointes?

    <p>Clarithromycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the laboratory test that shows evidence of lung cancer and proteinuria?

    <p>Albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the type of hypersensitivity reaction characterized by cell-mediated immunity?

    <p>Type IV HSR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the possible diagnosis for a patient who developed chest pain that increases with leaning forward after a myocardial infarction?

    <p>Dressler syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the least associated with progression of CKD in a patient with SLE?

    <p>High protein diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be expected to be seen on upper endoscopy in a patient with liver disease symptoms?

    <p>Esophageal varices and portal gastropathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What investigation would be ordered for a patient with hypertension and suspected kidney disease?

    <p>Serum creatinine, urinalysis, etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a protein-to-creatinine ratio of 0.9 in a patient with kidney disease?

    <p>It indicates mild kidney damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected HbA1c level for a diabetic patient with good glycemic control?

    <p>Between 6.1-7%</p> Signup and view all the answers

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