Immunology Quiz: Hypersensitivity Reactions
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Questions and Answers

What is the likely diagnosis of a female patient who has lost 5 kg despite having a good appetite?

  • Inflammatory bowel disease
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis
  • Iron deficiency anemia (correct)
  • Antiphospholipid syndrome

What is the next appropriate step for a patient with iron deficiency anemia?

  • Upper endoscopy with duodenal biopsy (correct)
  • Blood transfusion
  • Colonoscopy
  • Stool culture for clostridium difficile

Which of the following makes Ulcerative colitis more likely than Crohn's disease?

  • ESR
  • CRP
  • Continuous lesion starting from the rectum (correct)
  • Elevated creatinine kinase

What is the most useful test in case of polymyositis?

<p>Elevated creatinine kinase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely diagnosis of a female patient with recent left-sided weakness and a history of similar attacks?

<p>Antiphospholipid syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate treatment for community-acquired pneumonia?

<p>Institute empirical therapy in the ER (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about hemophilia A?

<p>It prolongs activated Partial thromboplastin time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recognized complication of liver cirrhosis?

<p>SBP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnosis of a patient with hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, elevated BUN, and normal BP?

<p>SIADH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is characteristic of HBV infection in children?

<p>Higher rate of chronic infection compared to adults (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications should not be given to a patient already on beta blockers?

<p>Verapamil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is characteristic of acute HEV infection in pregnant women?

<p>Less symptomatic than in non-pregnant women (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of hepatorenal syndrome?

<p>Proteinuria &gt; 1+ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can we prove successful HBV vaccination?

<p>Presence of HBsAb &gt; 10 IU/mL (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in a hypertensive patient taking spironolactone?

<p>Low BP due to spironolactone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnosis of a patient with urine protein (+1), white blood cell count (WBC) casts, and normal sodium levels?

<p>Acute interstitial nephritis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism does the body use to excrete excess potassium?

<p>Increases potassium secretion through the DCT and collecting duct (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a indication of the severity of aortic stenosis?

<p>Thrill over the right second intercostal space (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is not a complication of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?

<p>Masked hypertension is usually benign and good prognosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the possible diagnosis for a patient with hypotension, tachycardia, and muffled heart sounds after being stabbed in the chest?

<p>Cardiac tamponade (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is associated with IgE-mediated allergies?

<p>Type I HSR (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best time to take anti-hypertensive medication?

<p>At bedtime (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of nocturnal hypertension?

<p>Associated with chronic kidney disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the autoimmune disease characterized by hemolytic anemia?

<p>Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of hypersensitivity reaction?

<p>Type V HSR (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the phenomenon associated with autoimmune hepatitis?

<p>Raynaud's phenomenon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the TB drug that is responsible for a decrease in the effectiveness of oral contraceptive pills?

<p>Rifampin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What markers are used to confirm the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis?

<p>ANA, SMA, and anti-LKM1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is known to be associated with torsade de pointes?

<p>Clarithromycin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the laboratory test that shows evidence of lung cancer and proteinuria?

<p>Albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the type of hypersensitivity reaction characterized by cell-mediated immunity?

<p>Type IV HSR (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the possible diagnosis for a patient who developed chest pain that increases with leaning forward after a myocardial infarction?

<p>Dressler syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the least associated with progression of CKD in a patient with SLE?

<p>High protein diet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be expected to be seen on upper endoscopy in a patient with liver disease symptoms?

<p>Esophageal varices and portal gastropathy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What investigation would be ordered for a patient with hypertension and suspected kidney disease?

<p>Serum creatinine, urinalysis, etc. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a protein-to-creatinine ratio of 0.9 in a patient with kidney disease?

<p>It indicates mild kidney damage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected HbA1c level for a diabetic patient with good glycemic control?

<p>Between 6.1-7% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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