Immunology Quiz: Hypersensitivity Reactions

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What is the likely diagnosis of a female patient who has lost 5 kg despite having a good appetite?

Inflammatory bowel disease

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Iron deficiency anemia (correct)

Antiphospholipid syndrome

What is the next appropriate step for a patient with iron deficiency anemia?

Upper endoscopy with duodenal biopsy (correct)

Blood transfusion

Colonoscopy

Stool culture for clostridium difficile

Which of the following makes Ulcerative colitis more likely than Crohn's disease?

ESR

CRP

Continuous lesion starting from the rectum (correct)

Elevated creatinine kinase

What is the most useful test in case of polymyositis?

Elevated creatinine kinase Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely diagnosis of a female patient with recent left-sided weakness and a history of similar attacks?

Antiphospholipid syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate treatment for community-acquired pneumonia?

Institute empirical therapy in the ER Signup and view all the answers

What is true about hemophilia A?

It prolongs activated Partial thromboplastin time Signup and view all the answers

What is a recognized complication of liver cirrhosis?

SBP Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnosis of a patient with hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, elevated BUN, and normal BP?

SIADH Signup and view all the answers

What is characteristic of HBV infection in children?

Higher rate of chronic infection compared to adults Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications should not be given to a patient already on beta blockers?

Verapamil Signup and view all the answers

What is characteristic of acute HEV infection in pregnant women?

Less symptomatic than in non-pregnant women Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of hepatorenal syndrome?

Proteinuria > 1+ Signup and view all the answers

How can we prove successful HBV vaccination?

Presence of HBsAb > 10 IU/mL Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in a hypertensive patient taking spironolactone?

Low BP due to spironolactone Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnosis of a patient with urine protein (+1), white blood cell count (WBC) casts, and normal sodium levels?

Acute interstitial nephritis Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism does the body use to excrete excess potassium?

Increases potassium secretion through the DCT and collecting duct Signup and view all the answers

What is a indication of the severity of aortic stenosis?

Thrill over the right second intercostal space Signup and view all the answers

What is not a complication of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?

Masked hypertension is usually benign and good prognosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the possible diagnosis for a patient with hypotension, tachycardia, and muffled heart sounds after being stabbed in the chest?

Cardiac tamponade Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is associated with IgE-mediated allergies?

Type I HSR Signup and view all the answers

What is the best time to take anti-hypertensive medication?

At bedtime Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of nocturnal hypertension?

Associated with chronic kidney disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the autoimmune disease characterized by hemolytic anemia?

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of hypersensitivity reaction?

Type V HSR Signup and view all the answers

What is the phenomenon associated with autoimmune hepatitis?

Raynaud's phenomenon Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the TB drug that is responsible for a decrease in the effectiveness of oral contraceptive pills?

Rifampin Signup and view all the answers

What markers are used to confirm the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis?

ANA, SMA, and anti-LKM1 Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is known to be associated with torsade de pointes?

Clarithromycin Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the laboratory test that shows evidence of lung cancer and proteinuria?

Albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the type of hypersensitivity reaction characterized by cell-mediated immunity?

Type IV HSR Signup and view all the answers

What is the possible diagnosis for a patient who developed chest pain that increases with leaning forward after a myocardial infarction?

Dressler syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the least associated with progression of CKD in a patient with SLE?

High protein diet Signup and view all the answers

What would be expected to be seen on upper endoscopy in a patient with liver disease symptoms?

Esophageal varices and portal gastropathy Signup and view all the answers

What investigation would be ordered for a patient with hypertension and suspected kidney disease?

Serum creatinine, urinalysis, etc. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a protein-to-creatinine ratio of 0.9 in a patient with kidney disease?

It indicates mild kidney damage Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected HbA1c level for a diabetic patient with good glycemic control?

Between 6.1-7% Signup and view all the answers