Medical Gases 4

Questions and Answers

What happens to the pressure inside an uncompensated Thorpe tube flowmeter when the outlet is partially obstructed?

The pressure remains unchanged.

The pressure fluctuates randomly.

The pressure inside decreases.

The pressure inside increases. (correct)

What occurs in a Thorpe tube flowmeter when the outlet is totally occluded?

The float rises to indicate maximum flow.

The float remains suspended, indicating normal flow.

The pressure distal to the needle valve equals line pressure. (correct)

The flow meter indicates inaccurate high flow.

What principle does a flow restrictor operate on?

Pressure averaging.

Variable orifice flow regulation.

Flow resistance. (correct)

Temperature calibration.

How do gases differ from liquids regarding their properties?

Gases fill available spaces by diffusion. Signup and view all the answers

What effect does warming gas have on its kinetic activity?

Kinetic activity increases. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about gases is false?

Gases have fixed volumes. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to gas pressure when the temperature decreases?

Gas pressure drops. Signup and view all the answers

Which flowmeter can deliver flows higher than indicated despite back pressure?

Uncompensated Thorpe tube flowmeter. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of safety systems designed by the Compressed Gas Association?

To prevent the delivery of incorrect gas connections. Signup and view all the answers

Which tank color correctly identifies Heliox?

Brown/yellow Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about working and service pressures is true?

Both the working pressure and service pressure are 2200 psig. Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of a 'star' next to a tank's test date indicate?

The tank need not be tested for 10 years. Signup and view all the answers

What is the common pressure in hospital settings for low-pressure systems?

50 psig Signup and view all the answers

According to hand hygiene protocols, when should you wash your hands?

After treating every patient. Signup and view all the answers

What color identifies the gas for Air tanks?

Green/yellow Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is accurate regarding the marking of oxygen tanks?

All tanks must be stamped every 5 years. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the volume of a gas when its pressure is doubled, according to Boyle's Law?

The volume decreases to half its original value. Signup and view all the answers

Which gas variable measures the quantity of gas in a parcel?

Mass Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of increasing the temperature of a gas while keeping the volume constant?

The pressure increases. Signup and view all the answers

According to Charles's Law, what happens to the volume of a gas at constant pressure as temperature increases?

The volume increases linearly. Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperature at which a gas theoretically has zero volume, according to Charles's Law?

-273.15°C Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of the Bourdon Gauge flowmeter?

It is a pressure gauge calibrated to measure flow. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a Thorpe tube flowmeter from other types of flowmeters?

It uses a varying diameter tube for gas flow measurement. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of Thorpe tube flowmeter is affected by back pressure?

Back pressure compensated. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the float in a Thorpe tube flowmeter?

To indicate the flow rate based on its position in the tube. Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether a Thorpe tube flowmeter is uncompensated or compensated?

The placement of the needle valve. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of using a Bourdon Gauge flowmeter in a transport situation?

It operates effectively regardless of its position. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic does NOT apply to the Thorpe tube flowmeter?

It provides a fixed measurement regardless of pressure. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Thorpe tube flowmeter?

It has a constant diameter throughout its length. Signup and view all the answers

What best describes Charles' Law?

Volume is directly proportional to temperature at constant pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the absolute zero temperature according to the Kelvin scale?

-273.15°C Signup and view all the answers

Which unit is NOT typically used to measure atmospheric pressure?

Kelvin (K) Signup and view all the answers

How is Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures best described?

The total pressure is equal to the sum of individual gas pressures in a mixture Signup and view all the answers

What does the Ideal Gas Law express?

The relationship when variables P, V, and T are changing Signup and view all the answers

What conversion is true regarding pressure measurements?

1 atm = 760 mmHg = 760 torr Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the volume/temperature ratio in Charles' Law?

It remains constant at a fixed pressure for a given gas. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a gas mixture mentioned in the content?

Air, consisting mainly of O2 and N2 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Gases Overview

Safety systems by the Compressed Gas Association ensure the right gas delivery, proper storage, labeling, and safe transport.
Color codes for gas cylinders include:
- Oxygen - Green
- Air - Green/Yellow
- Heliox - Brown/Yellow
- He/O2 - Brown/Green

Cylinder Pressures

Common working and service pressures can include:
- Service pressure: 2200 psig, Working pressure: 50 psig
- 50 psig is common in hospital low-pressure systems.

Oxygen Tank Markings

All tanks require inspection every 5 years.
A "star" next to the test date indicates an extended testing interval of 10 years.
A tank can be approved for 3000 psig if tested and stamped accordingly.

Flowmeters

Bourdon Gauge Flowmeter
- Functions as a pressure gauge calibrated to measure flow, compact, and operates at any position.
- Accuracy depends on outlet size.
Thorpe Tube Flowmeter
- A tapered tube that utilizes a float to measure gas flow.
- Can be classified as uncompensated or back pressure compensated based on the needle valve placement.
- Operates on the principle of pressure differentials to indicate flow.

Gas Laws

Gases exhibit properties like pressure, flow, viscosity, and can be compressed and expanded.
Boyle's Law:
- States that the volume of a gas decreases when pressure increases.
Charles's Law:
- Indicates that the volume of gas increases with temperature at constant pressure.
- Zero volume of gas is predicted at -273.15°C.

Kelvin Scale

Absolute temperature scale with 0°K equivalent to -273.15°C, reinforcing Charles's Law.

Ideal Gas Law

Combines Boyle’s and Charles’ Laws; relates pressure (P), volume (V), and temperature (T) changes in gas behavior.

Atmospheric Pressure

Average atmospheric pressure at sea level is 760 mmHg or 29.9 inches.
Pressure can be measured in:
- Atmospheres (atm)
- Millimeters of mercury (mmHg or torr)

Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures

In gas mixtures, each gas exerts its own partial pressure independently.
Example: Air consists of approximately 21% O2 and 78% N2.

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Description

This quiz covers essential information about medical gases, including safety systems, cylinder pressures, oxygen tank markings, and flow meters. Understand the color codes used for gas cylinders and the importance of regular inspections. Test your knowledge on how these components operate in a medical setting.