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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of kidney disease?
What is a common management approach for patients with kidney disease?
Which medication is typically used for immunosuppression after a renal transplant?
What percentage of patients on haemodialysis survive at least 5 years?
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Post-transplantation, patients are at an increased risk for which of the following?
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What is a common oral complication of cyclosporine treatment in patients with kidney disease?
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Which condition is associated with potential infections in kidney disease patients?
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What dental issue may arise due to the corticosteroid treatment in patients with kidney disease?
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How does kidney disease potentially affect the salivary glands?
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Which complication is linked to the treatment of patients with kidney disease and can affect their dental health?
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Study Notes
Kidney Disease Signs & Symptoms
- Swollen ankles, feet, or hands due to water retention
- Shortness of breath
- Increased need to urinate, especially at night
- Insomnia
- Itchy skin
- Blood in urine (haematuria)
- Weight loss and poor appetite
General Management of Kidney Disease
- Low protein diet
- Potassium restriction
- Salt or water control
- Dialysis or transplant
- Prevention of further renal damage
Dialysis
- Dialysis provides a normal life for up to 20% of patients but cannot prevent all complications
- Over 70% of patients on haemodialysis survive at least 5 years
- Renal transplant may become necessary
Renal Transplantation
- Common and survival of the graft can be up to 90% at one year
- Patients need to be immunosuppressed
- Typical medications include:
- Corticosteroids
- Azathioprine
- Cyclosporine
Post Transplantation
- Patients may still experience problems associated with renal failure.
- They are susceptible to infection due to immunosuppression
Dental Relevance
- Patients require steroid cover
- Patients are susceptible to infections:
- Candida infections
- Herpes Simplex or Zoster
- Cytomegalovirus
- Epstein- Barr Virus infections
- Lymphoma and skin, lip and cervical cancer are more common in these patients
- Cyclosporine may cause gingival overgrowth
- Patients may have bleeding tendencies due to underlying disease
- Impaired drug excretion, potentially leading to infections with hepatitis B and other viruses
- Hypertension often occurs
- Bone lesions of the Jaw
- Corticosteroid or other immunosuppressive treatment can impact dental health
- Diet plays a vital role
Clinical Dental Relevance
- Dry mouth
- Halitosis
- Metallic taste
- Salivary gland swelling
- Growth may be stunted
- Tooth eruption is delayed
- Enamel hypoplasia
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Description
Test your knowledge on the signs, symptoms, and management of kidney disease, including dialysis and transplantation. This quiz covers everything from dietary restrictions to post-transplant care, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of renal health.
