Renal disease hard

Which symptom is most indicative of kidney disease?

What percentage of patients on haemodialysis are likely to survive for at least 5 years?

Which of the following is a common consequence of renal transplantation?

What condition might cause swollen ankles, feet, or hands in patients with kidney disease?

Which of the following medications is typically not required after a renal transplant?

What is one of the early signs of kidney disease?

What does the presence of blood in urine indicate?

Which symptom is commonly experienced by patients after renal transplantation?

Which of the following measures is important for a patient to control water intake?

How effective is dialysis in preventing complications related to kidney disease?

Signs and Symptoms of Kidney Disease

Weight loss and poor appetite may indicate kidney issues.
Shortness of breath (dyspnoea) can occur due to fluid accumulation.
Increased urination frequency, especially at night, is a common symptom.
Swelling in ankles, feet, or hands is often due to water retention.
Insomnia may arise as a symptom.
Itchy skin can be a sign of kidney dysfunction.
Blood in urine (haematuria) is another critical indicator.

General Management

A renal transplant may be necessary when dialysis is insufficient.
Dialysis can enable normal life for about 20% of patients, but it does not prevent all complications.
Over 70% of patients on haemodialysis survive at least five years.

Kidney Dialysis

Dialysis serves as a temporary solution for kidney failure but cannot fully replace kidney function.

Renal Transplantation

Renal transplants are increasingly common, with graft survival rates of up to 90% at one year.
Post-transplant patients require immunosuppressive therapy to prevent organ rejection.

Post-Transplantation Considerations

Patients may still face issues related to renal failure even after a successful transplant.
Immunosuppression increases vulnerability to infections.

Additional Considerations

Kidney disease management may require dietary modifications regarding protein and potassium intake.
Patients must learn to control salt and water consumption to manage symptoms effectively.

This quiz covers significant signs and symptoms of kidney disease, including weight loss, increased urination, and swelling. It also discusses management options such as dialysis and renal transplantation, highlighting survival rates and patient outcomes. Test your knowledge about kidney health and treatment options!