Questions and Answers
Who are the two key figures in the development of humanistic psychology?
What did the early psychological school called structuralism emphasize?
The elemental components of sensations, feelings, and conscious experiences.
What event marks the formal beginning of psychology as a scientific discipline?
Establishment of the first psychology research laboratory by Wilhelm Wundt in 1879.
Match John B. Watson to Edward Titchener.
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The ideas of Francis Bacon contributed to the development of what concept?
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Which school of psychology stresses the study of how behavior and mental processes allow adaptation to the environment?
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What does the cognitive perspective of psychology focus on?
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What psychological technique involves reporting sensations and feelings after viewing an object?
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How does the cognitive perspective in psychology understand information?
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What debate involves psychological differences between men and women?
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Who would most likely ignore mental processes, defining psychology as the study of observable behavior?
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Behaviorism was characterized by an emphasis upon the ______ of personality.
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What does humanistic psychology emphasize?
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How is psychology formally defined?
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Efforts to discover whether intelligence is more influenced by biology or home environments relate to what debate?
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Match the psychologists to their respective schools of thought.
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What is the idea of interactive dualism?
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The development of techniques to study the human brain contributed to which branch of psychology?
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What does psychoanalysis emphasize?
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Who would most likely say, 'Why you behave the way you do is because of unconscious reasons'?
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Study Notes
Key Figures in Humanistic Psychology
- Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers were pivotal in the development of humanistic psychology.
Structuralism
- Early psychological school emphasizing the analysis of elemental components of sensations, feelings, and conscious experience.
Foundation of Psychology as a Discipline
- The formal beginning of psychology is marked by Wilhelm Wundt establishing the first research laboratory in 1879.
Comparative Perspectives
- John B. Watson focused on observable behavior, contrasting with Edward Titchener’s emphasis on inner sensations.
Influence of Francis Bacon
- His ideas contributed to the development of empiricism, a foundational concept in the scientific method.
Functionalism
- This school of psychology emphasizes how behavior and mental processes help individuals and animals adapt to their environments.
Cognitive Perspective
- Concentrates on the role of mental processes in information processing, language development, problem-solving, and thinking.
Introspection Technique
- Involves participants reporting their sensations and feelings after viewing stimuli, such as a coffee mug.
Information Processing
- The cognitive perspective also examines how individuals encode, process, store, and retrieve information.
Nature vs Nurture Debate
- Discussions on the psychological differences between men and women often revolve around the influence of biology versus social circumstances.
Watson's Definition of Psychology
- He is known for defining psychology as the "scientific study of observable behavior," largely ignoring mental processes.
Behaviorism
- Characterized by an emphasis on unconscious determinants of personality, behaviorism shifted focus away from conscious experience.
Humanistic Psychology Themes
- Emphasizes concepts like free will, self-determination, psychological growth, and human potential.
Definition of Psychology
- Formally defined as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
Intelligence Influences
- The debate regarding the influence of biology versus environment on intelligence is pertinent to the nature vs nurture discussion.
Structuralism vs Functionalism
- Edward Titchener is associated with structuralism, while William James is linked to functionalism.
Interactive Dualism
- This concept posits that the mind and body are separate entities that interact and contribute to conscious experiences.
Importance of Biological Psychology
- The development of medications and techniques to study the brain has amplified the significance of biological psychology in recent decades.
Psychoanalysis Focus
- Centers on the unconscious causes underlying behavior and personality.
Freud's Perspective
- Sigmund Freud is known for suggesting that behaviors are often driven by unconscious motivations rather than conscious reasoning.
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Description
Explore key figures and foundational theories in psychology, including humanistic psychology, structuralism, and functionalism. This quiz delves into historical perspectives and the evolution of psychological thought, highlighting influential theorists and their contributions. Test your knowledge on the major concepts that have shaped the field.
