Psychology: Humanistic Theory and Maslow's Hierarchy

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Questions and Answers

Who are the two humanistic psychologists mentioned in the text?

Carl Rogers and Sigmund Freud
Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers (correct)
Abraham Maslow and B.F. Skinner
Abraham Maslow and Sigmund Freud

What is the main focus of humanistic psychologists?

Analyzing childhood experiences
Understanding healthy individuals (correct)
Developing new therapies
Studying abnormal behavior

What is the first level of needs in Maslow's Hierarchy?

Esteem Needs
Physiological Needs (correct)
Love and Belongingness Needs
Safety Needs

What type of needs are focused on after physiological needs are met?

Safety Needs (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the need for in Maslow's Hierarchy?

Intimate relationships (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the highest level of needs in Maslow's Hierarchy?

Self-Actualization Needs (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is Carl Rogers' statement about human behavior?

Cultural influences are the major factor in our evil behaviors (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of humanistic psychology according to Carl Rogers?

To achieve self-actualization (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of psychological distress according to the text?

Mismatch between self-concept and ideal self (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to Carl Rogers, what is a characteristic of humans?

Humans are basically good (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three conditions required for a growth-promoting climate according to Carl Rogers?

Genuineness, acceptance, and empathy (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'accepting' in the context of Carl Rogers' person-centered approach?

Offering unconditional positive regard (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of conditional positive regard in relationships?

People abandon their true feelings and wishes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of empathy in Carl Rogers' person-centered approach?

To share and mirror feelings and reflect meanings (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of not receiving unconditional positive regard in childhood?

Children become more alienated from their true selves (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of humanistic psychology according to Carl Rogers?

To promote human welfare in an atmosphere of unconditional positive regard (C) Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Humanistic Theory

Focuses on healthy people's strive for self-determination, contrasting with Freud's study of sick people's motives
Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers are key figures in humanistic psychology

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Basic Needs: physiological needs, safety needs, love and belongingness needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs
Physiological Needs: basic necessities like food, water, and shelter
Safety Needs: needs for security, order, and stability
Love and Belongingness Needs: needs for affiliation, friendship, and intimate relationships
Esteem Needs: needs for respect, self-esteem, and recognition
Self-Actualization Needs: realizing one's full potential and pursuing personal growth

Carl Rogers' Person-Centered Approach

Humans are basically good and have self-actualizing tendencies
Psychological distress arises from a mismatch between self-concept and ideal self
A growth-promoting climate requires genuineness, acceptance, and empathy
Genuine: open with own feelings, transparent, and self-disclosing
Accepting: unconditional positive regard, valuing others despite their flaws
Empathic: sharing and mirroring feelings, reflecting meanings
Unconditional positive regard involves accepting the person as they are, without conditions