Introduction to Passive Transport

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Questions and Answers

What is the first step when preparing an onion plant cell slide?

Peel your onion (correct)

Cover it with a coverslip

Label the slide

Place the onion tissue layer on the slide

Why is it important to avoid air bubbles when covering the tissue with a coverslip?

Air bubbles magnify the image

Air bubbles prevent staining

Air bubbles interfere with viewing the cells clearly (correct)

Air bubbles provide additional light

What should you observe under the microscope after preparing the onion slides?

The surrounding environment

Only the coverslip

Different stains

Cell wall, cytoplasm, and nucleus (correct)

When preparing the slide with human red blood cells, what must you do first?

Add a drop of blood onto a clean slide Signup and view all the answers

When comparing the three onion cell slides, which solutions are you determining?

Hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of labeling each slide during the experiment?

To identify the solutions used Signup and view all the answers

Which solution in the onion cell preparation is likely to cause the cells to swell?

Hypotonic solution Signup and view all the answers

What type of images should you capture after labeling the parts of the prepared mount?

Images of each slide's cell structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding a coverslip to the slides?

To prevent air bubbles from forming Signup and view all the answers

How many slides need to be prepared in total?

Three slides Signup and view all the answers

Which solutions need to be identified among the prepared slides?

Hypertonic, Hypotonic, Isotonic Signup and view all the answers

What should be labeled in the observed blood drops?

Cytoplasm and membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential step before adding solution C to the blood drop?

Repeat steps 1-3 Signup and view all the answers

During observation, at which magnifications should the slides be viewed?

Low and high magnification Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between osmosis and active transport?

Osmosis involves movement of water, while active transport requires energy for solutes Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solution would cause a cell to swell?

Hypotonic solution Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during passive transport across the cell membrane?

Ions and molecules move without energy input. Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the solution with a lower concentration of solute?

Hypotonic Signup and view all the answers

In which type of solution does a cell swell due to water influx?

Hypotonic Signup and view all the answers

What happens to human red blood cells in a hypertonic solution?

They shrink and undergo crenation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

To separate the internal environment from the outside. Signup and view all the answers

During osmosis, water moves from a solution of _ concentration to a solution of _ concentration.

Higher; lower Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes facilitated diffusion from simple diffusion?

Facilitated diffusion uses specific transport proteins. Signup and view all the answers

What is an effect of placing cells in an isotonic solution?

Cells will maintain their size and shape. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction to Lab Exercise #1

Passive transport moves ions and molecules across membranes without energy.
Cells are the basic unit in living organisms.
A cell membrane separates the external environment from the cell's interior.
The membrane is selectively permeable, allowing specific substances to pass.
Transport happens to balance internal and external concentrations (equilibrium).

Passive Transport Types

Diffusion: Movement of substances from high to low concentration.
Facilitated diffusion: Movement of substances through protein channels.
Osmosis: Movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from high water concentration to low water concentration.

Solution Tonicity

Hypertonic: Solution with higher solute concentration compared to another solution/cell.
Hypotonic: Solution with lower solute concentration compared to another solution/cell.
Isotonic: Solution with equal solute concentration compared to another solution/cell.

Lab Objectives

Observe different cells under low and high magnification.
Compare and describe differences between cell types.
Analyze the rate of penetration and diffusion of various solutions.
Test the effects of hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions on plant and animal cells (red blood cells).

Experimental Procedure (Part A: Onion Plant Cells)

Materials needed include pipettes, microscope slides, coverslips, scissors, forceps, onion tissue, solutions (A, B, C).
Peel onion and place tissue on a slide.
Add a drop of solution (A, B, or C) to the tissue.
Cover the slide with a coverslip, avoiding air bubbles.
Repeat the procedure using solutions B and C.
Observe the slide under the microscope at low and high magnification.
Label the parts visible (cell wall, cytoplasm, nucleus).
Record observations and compare results across the different solutions.

Experimental Procedure (Part B: Human Red Blood Cells)

Materials include blood samples, microscope slides, coverslips, solutions (A, B, C), and pipettes.
Place a drop of blood on a slide.
Add a drop of solution (A, B, or C) to the blood drop.
Cover the slide with a coverslip.
Repeat the procedure using solutions B and C.
Observe the slide under the microscope at low and high magnification.
Label the visible parts (cytoplasm, membrane).
Compare results across solutions and observe differences from onion cells.

Additional Questions

What differences exist between plant and human cells (observational)?
Define osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and explain how they differ from active transport (knowledge).

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Description

This quiz covers the basics of passive transport, including diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. It explores how these processes allow ions and molecules to move across cell membranes without energy, ensuring equilibrium between internal and external environments. Test your understanding of solution tonicity and its effects on cells.