Interpersonal Attraction and Relationships
24 Questions
2 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

How does a positive mood affect the likelihood of helping behavior?

  • It decreases the chances of helping others.
  • It enhances the likelihood of helping behavior. (correct)
  • It has no impact on helping behavior.
  • It only affects helping in urban environments.

    • What was the main finding of the Coin Finding Experiment regarding mood and helping behavior?

  • Finding money improved participants' mood and increased their likelihood of helping. (correct)
  • Participants were indifferent regardless of their mood.
  • People who found coins were less likely to assist others.
  • Only large sums of money impacted helping behavior.

    • What does the negative-state relief hypothesis suggest about helping behavior?

  • It is unrelated to emotional states.
  • It decreases helping to avoid negative emotions.
  • Guilt has no effect on helping behavior.
  • People help to relieve negative emotions and improve their own mood. (correct)

    • According to studies, how does altruistic behavior differ between urban and rural settings?

    <p>Rural areas demonstrate significantly higher levels of altruism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common characteristic may lead individuals in urban environments to exhibit lower altruism?

    <p>Overstimulation from noise and pollution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Nancy Steeplay's analysis reveal about helping rates in rural versus urban areas?

    <p>Rural areas have significantly higher helping rates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is least likely to influence an individual's decision to help others?

    <p>Educational level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hypothesis explains why individuals might help others after being reminded of their own sins?

    <p>Negative-state relief hypothesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Equity Theory emphasize in relationships?

    <p>Equal contributions by partners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Social Exchange Theory, what do individuals seek in relationships?

    <p>To maximize rewards and minimize costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hypothesis suggests individuals prefer partners similar in attractiveness?

    <p>Matching Hypothesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the Empathy-Altruism Hypothesis?

    <p>Enhancing the welfare of others without self-interest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might someone experience personal distress when observing others in need?

    <p>Feeling uncomfortable or guilty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a reason people might help others?

    <p>Desire for financial gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean when a couple maintains a balance in contributions/

    <p>Both partners experience mutual satisfaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To what does the term 'social reward' refer in the context of altruistic behavior?

    <p>Gaining esteem and recognition from others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily determines an individual's satisfaction in a relationship according to the concepts presented?

    <p>The balance of rewards versus costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is most likely to lead an individual to leave a relationship?

    <p>Low satisfaction paired with high alternatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In social situations, what effect does pluralistic ignorance have?

    <p>It can prevent people from recognizing an emergency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the empathy-altruism hypothesis, which factor motivates helping behavior?

    <p>Feelings of empathy towards another person's situation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do comparison levels affect a person's decision in a relationship?

    <p>They assess the relationship against personal standards and available alternatives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT typically enhance the likelihood of individuals staying in a relationship?

    <p>Strong external pressures to remain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action can help overcome pluralistic ignorance in emergency situations?

    <p>Communicating clearly about one's need for help</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does a person's mood have on their likelihood of helping behavior?

    <p>A positive mood is likely to increase engagement in helping behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Interpersonal Attraction

    • What Causes Attraction:

      • MIT Westgate West Study found proximity leads to friendships.
      • Functional distance (building layout) can enhance or hinder interactions.

    • Types of Relationships:

      • Communal: Special responsibility, long-term, based on shared identity and need-based giving/receiving.
      • Exchange: Trade-based, short-term, governed by equity and reciprocity.

    • Reciprocity:

      • Mutual liking increases attraction likelihood.
      • Reciprocity involves shared interests and personal liking, creating a positive feedback loop.

    • Evolutionary Theory and Mate Selection:

      • Men prioritize youth and physical attractiveness in mates.
      • Women prioritize resources and social status in mates.
      • Evolutionary psychology explains these preferences based on reproductive roles.

    Implicit Personality Theory (Halo Effect)

    • Attractive people are often perceived as having positive qualities beyond their appearance.
    • This perception varies across cultures, emphasizing different traits.

    Attachment Styles

    • Secure: Comfort with intimacy and dependence.
    • Avoidant: Discomfort with closeness and dependence.
    • Anxious-ambivalent: Fear of rejection and abandonment.
    • Disorganized: Helicopter parent, unpredictable responses.
    • Attachment styles develop based on early caregiver interactions.

    Hard to Get

    • Playing hard to get creates scarcity, increasing perceived value.
    • Selective application of this strategy can enhance desirability.

    Contrast Effect

    • Perceived attractiveness is relative and influenced by surrounding individuals.
    • Seeing someone less attractive can make an average person seem more attractive.
    • Conversely, someone highly attractive can make others seem less attractive.

    Cheerleader Effect

    • Group dynamics can enhance perceived attractiveness.
    • Assumptions about positive social traits like kindness and friendliness contribute.

    The Color Red

    • Men rate women wearing red as more attractive.
    • This effect is linked to evolutionary signals of fertility and health.
    • Red clothing enhances perceived attractiveness.

    Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

    • Perceptions of attractiveness affect how individuals interact with one another.
    • Both men and women can exhibit reciprocal behavior based on those perceptions.

    Equity Theory

    • Equity is achieved when both partners contribute roughly equally.
    • Equity is a common goal in individualistic cultures, but hierarchy is sometimes acceptable in collectivist cultures.

    Social Exchange Theory

    • Relationships are evaluated based on costs and rewards.
    • Comparing rewards/costs against alternatives determines relationship satisfaction.

    Comparison Levels

    • Evaluating rewards and costs for determining satisfaction in a relationship.
    • High comparison levels/available alternatives lead to detachment.

    Investment Model

    • Satisfaction, qualities of alternatives, and investments (time, effort, shared experiences) all factor into relationship commitment.

    Types of Love

    • Companionate Love: Trust and shared interests amongst friends and family.
    • Compassionate Love: Responding to another's needs (like a parent/child).
    • Romantic Love: Passion and sexual desire – the passionate love.

    Prosocial Behavior

    • Prosocial behavior can be motivated by a desire to look good to others or by altruism (sacrificing for another's welfare).
    • Examples include helping others during crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Empathy-Altruism Hypothesis

    • Feelings of empathy for another person motivate altruistic behavior to increase their welfare.
    • Empathy encompasses compassion, sympathy, and emotional tenderness toward others needing help.

    Feel Good, Do Good

    • Positive mood increases the likelihood of altruistic behavior.
    • Finding money or experiencing a good mood enhances the likelihood of helping others.

    Feel Bad, Do Good

    • Helping behavior can relieve negative emotions.
    • Guilt or remorse can motivate people to help others.

    Urban Overload Hypothesis

    • Urban environments are potentially overstimulating because of high population density (many people, noise, pollution, crime, etc).
    • Rural areas often exhibit higher levels of altruistic behavior.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Chapter 9 & 14 Test PDF

    Description

    Explore the dynamics of interpersonal attraction, including what causes attraction and the different types of relationships. Learn about the impact of proximity, the concept of reciprocity, and how evolutionary theory influences mate selection. This quiz delves into social psychology principles and their real-world applications.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser