The Fascinating World of Language
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Questions and Answers

What determines the access of ambiguous words while reading a sentence?

  • The complexity of the sentence structure
  • The word's dominance and the context created by the sentence (correct)
  • The length of the sentence
  • The word's frequency in the language

    • What is the effect of the meaning of a word on the N4000 wave of the ERP?

  • It becomes larger when the meaning of the word fits the rest of the sentence
  • It becomes larger when the meaning of the word does not fit the rest of the sentence (correct)
  • It becomes smaller when the meaning of the word fits the rest of the sentence
  • It is not affected by the meaning of the word

    • What is the P6000 wave of the ERP affected by?

  • The meaning of the word
  • The syntax of the sentence (correct)
  • The complexity of the sentence structure
  • The length of the sentence

    • What does the syntax-first approach to parsing emphasize?

    <p>The importance of syntax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences the way we interpret the relationships between words in sentences?

    <p>Our knowledge of spies and birds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of inference is made when inferring from what we know about the time Shakespeare lived that he was probably using a quill pen and his desk was made of wood?

    <p>Instrument inference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key aspect of producing language in conversations related to syntactic coordination?

    <p>The coordination of sentence structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis relate to?

    <p>The influence of language on culture and cognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the N4000 wave of the ERP indicate when it becomes larger?

    <p>The meaning of the word does not fit the rest of the sentence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the interactionist approach to parsing?

    <p>Anticipation of upcoming words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the P6000 wave of the ERP become larger in response to?

    <p>The grammar of the sentence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis of making predictions in understanding text and stories?

    <p>The influence of world knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What brain areas are involved in different aspects of language?

    <p>Frontal and temporal lobes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Cognitive Psychology, what physical and mental processes occur as a person creates speech?

    <p>Physical processes of speech production and mental processes of language processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the word superiority effect refer to?

    <p>The phenomenon where letters are easier to identify in a word than in a non-word</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the problem of perceiving words related to?

    <p>Perceiving individual words in sentences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is affected by word frequency and the existence of words with multiple meanings?

    <p>Our ability to access meaning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the word 'duck' exemplify in the context of language processing?

    <p>Ambiguity of words with multiple meanings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is involved in studying language in Cognitive Psychology?

    <p>How people process language sounds and understand words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the word frequency effect refer to?

    <p>The influence of word usage on meaning access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of studying language in Cognitive Psychology?

    <p>Cognitive and behavioral approach to language processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the universal need addressed in the study of language?

    <p>The need for effective communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is involved in the physical processes of speech production?

    <p>Creating speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the frontal and temporal lobes in language processing?

    <p>Involved in different aspects of language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the study find about the attractiveness of average male and female faces?

    <p>The average male face was more attractive than any one individual male face</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason behind humans' preference for average faces?

    <p>Average faces are correlated with symmetry and expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor in the development of interpersonal attraction according to the text?

    <p>Physical health and body symmetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do people guess about a prospective mate's genes according to the text?

    <p>Physical health and body symmetry are indicative of good genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between attractiveness and how it is perceived across different groups?

    <p>Attractiveness is similarly perceived across different groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the study suggest about the impact of attractiveness on people's lives?

    <p>Attractive people do better in life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the market-value hypothesis related to in the context of attractiveness?

    <p>Prestige</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cue people use to guess a prospective mate's good genes?

    <p>Physical health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text suggest about the relationship between average-ness and symmetry in attractiveness?

    <p>The effect of average-ness remained significant when the effects of symmetry and expression were partialled out</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor related to the development of interpersonal attraction according to the text?

    <p>Physical health and body symmetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the mere exposure effect state?

    <p>Repeated exposure increases attraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the less is more effect suggest?

    <p>Uncovering dissimilarities can decrease attraction over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the matching principle in romantic relationships emphasize?

    <p>Choosing similar others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the halo effect lead to?

    <p>Biased judgments based on physical attractiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do belief validation and consensus validation reinforce in relationships?

    <p>Smooth interactions and liking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of attractiveness in evaluations of competence and behavior towards others?

    <p>It has a significant impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Carl Word procedure demonstrate?

    <p>Interviewers treated applicants differently based on race and interview style</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is immediacy, particularly physical attractiveness, a significant factor in?

    <p>The initial perception of attractiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do social and cultural norms play in judgments of beauty and attractiveness?

    <p>Influencing judgments of beauty and attractiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the self-fulfilling prophecy evident in?

    <p>People's judgments and treatment of others based on attractiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the reinforcement-affect model, why do we like people around when we experience positive feelings?

    <p>Positive feelings themselves act as reinforcement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of social exchange theory, what do people often consider when making decisions?

    <p>Cost and rewards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis of communal sharing relationships?

    <p>Resources generated by capable individuals and distributed based on need</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key principle of authority ranking relationships?

    <p>Hierarchy and status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of equality matching relationships?

    <p>Equality, reciprocity, and balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of market pricing relationships, what are people concerned with?

    <p>Ensuring that their inputs correspond to what they get out of the relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor in attraction toward a person according to the 'law of attractions' mentioned?

    <p>Proportion of similar attitude shared with that person</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do people do that acts as reinforcers for others?

    <p>Agree with their perception of things</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concept in the reinforcement-affect model?

    <p>Positive feelings as reinforcement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of social exchange theory, what are people concerned with ensuring?

    <p>Their inputs to a relationship correspond to what they get out of it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Psychology of Interpersonal Relationships

    • Proximity, such as living in the same building or on the same floor, plays a significant role in forming friendships
    • Familiarity with a person or stimulus leads to increased comfort and liking
    • The mere exposure effect states that repeated exposure to something increases attraction
    • The less is more effect suggests that uncovering dissimilarities can decrease attraction over time
    • The matching principle in romantic relationships emphasizes choosing similar others
    • Belief validation and consensus validation reinforce smooth interactions and liking
    • The halo effect leads to biased judgments based on physical attractiveness
    • Social and cultural norms influence judgments of beauty and attractiveness
    • The self-fulfilling prophecy is evident in people's judgments and treatment of others based on attractiveness
    • Attractiveness has a significant impact on evaluations of competence and behavior towards others
    • The Carl Word procedure demonstrated how interviewers treated applicants differently based on race and style of interview
    • Immediacy, particularly physical attractiveness, is a significant factor in the initial perception of attractiveness

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of language and its unique properties with this quiz. Explore the creativity and evolution of human language, the universal need for communication, and the brain areas involved in language processing. Delve into cognitive and behavioral approaches to studying language in this insightful quiz.

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