Indian Constitution: Rights and Amendments

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Questions and Answers

What is the total strength of the Supreme Court?

Twenty-five judges and one chief justice together 36 (correct)

Who appoints the judges of the Supreme Court?

President consulting Prime Minister

President on his own

Cabinet

President appoints the judges after consulting the Chief Justice of India (correct)

Who appoints the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court?

By the Cabinet

By the Prime Minister

By the President (correct)

By the Speaker of Lok Sabha

Which article empowers the Supreme Court to issue writs for enforcing fundamental rights?

Under Article 32 Signup and view all the answers

On what grounds can judges be removed from the Supreme Court?

Proved misbehavior or incapacity Signup and view all the answers

The Governor of a state is appointed by whom?

Appointed by the President Signup and view all the answers

For how long does a proclamation of emergency remain in force?

1 year Signup and view all the answers

Who has the authority to give directions to states during an emergency?

Centre Signup and view all the answers

Which article's rights are automatically suspended during an emergency?

Article 19 Signup and view all the answers

How many times has national emergency been declared in India so far?

Five Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for state emergency?

President rule Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the declaration of a financial emergency?

Financial instability Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the three basic attitudes towards the responsibilities of engineers?

Minimalist Signup and view all the answers

How many categories are the responsibilities of engineers divided into?

Three Signup and view all the answers

What does the minimalist approach emphasize regarding standards?

Sticking to minimum acceptable standards Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by reasonable considerable care in engineering responsibilities?

Attention to those at risk of being harmed Signup and view all the answers

Is considerable care considered beyond the minimalist approach?

Yes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the uncritical acceptance of authority?

Blind obedience to guidelines Signup and view all the answers

At what age does a high court judge retire?

65 Signup and view all the answers

Which option is not a power of the chief minister?

Control over state judiciary Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum age for a person to be appointed as the governor of a state?

35 Signup and view all the answers

Who has the authority to remove a chief minister from office?

Governor Signup and view all the answers

Election to a state legislature is conducted by which entity?

Election commission Signup and view all the answers

Who appoints the members of the council of ministers?

Governor on the advice of the chief minister Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment inserted education below the age of 14 years as a fundamental right?

86th amendment Signup and view all the answers

To protect and improve the natural environment and wildlife is categorized as which type of obligation?

Directive principles Signup and view all the answers

Why are monuments and places of national importance protected in India?

Rich cultural heritage Signup and view all the answers

How do fundamental rights and directive principles relate to each other?

Complement and supplement each other Signup and view all the answers

What does the fundamental duty demand regarding sincerity and respect for others' rights?

To work sincerely and respect the rights of others Signup and view all the answers

Which group is considered the educationally and economically weaker section according to Article 46?

SCs and STs Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Amendments and Rights

Education for individuals below 14 years is established as a fundamental right through the 86th amendment.
The objective to protect and improve the natural environment and wildlife is categorized under directive principles of state policy.
India’s rich national heritage ensures the protection of monuments and places of national importance.

Fundamental Rights and Duties

Fundamental rights and directive principles of state policy complement and supplement each other.
The fundamental duty of citizens includes working sincerely and respecting the rights of others.

Societal Protections

Article 46 of the Constitution focuses on the socially and educationally weaker sections, specifically protecting Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs).

Legal Aid and Judicial Structure

Free legal aid and speedy trials are recognized as fundamental rights within the legal framework.
The Supreme Court comprises a total of 30 judges, including the Chief Justice.

Judicial Appointments

Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President of India, after consulting the Chief Justice.
The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court is also appointed by the President.

Judicial Conduct and Articles

Judges can be removed due to proven misbehavior or incapacity.
Article 32 empowers the Supreme Court to issue writs for the enforcement of fundamental rights.

State Governance

The Governor of a state is appointed by the President of India.
The Governor does not have military powers but possesses legislative and pardoning powers.

Responsibilities of the Governor

The Governor is accountable to the state legislative assembly for actions taken while in office.

Judging and Retirement

High Court judges retire at the age of 62.

Chief Minister Powers

The Chief Minister is not empowered to control the state judiciary.

Qualifications for Governor

A person must be at least 35 years old to be appointed as the Governor of a state.

Removing Chief Ministers

The Governor has the authority to remove a Chief Minister from office.

Elections and Appointments

Elections to a state legislature are conducted by the Election Commission of India.
Members of the council of ministers are appointed by the Governor on the advice of the Chief Minister.

Legislative Assembly Powers

The authority to dissolve a state legislative assembly lies with the state Governor.

Emergency Provisions

Once declared, a national emergency remains effective for 6 months unless extended.
During emergencies, the government can provide directions to the states.

Suspension of Rights

There is an automatic suspension of rights under Article 19 during a state of emergency.

History of National Emergencies

National emergencies have been declared three times in India.

State Emergency

State emergency can be declared for failure of constitutional machinery within a state, also referred to as President's Rule.

Financial Emergency

A financial emergency may be declared due to reasons like financial instability.

Engineering Responsibilities

Responsibilities of engineers are generally divided into three categories.

Minimalist Approach

A minimalist approach refers to adhering to minimum acceptable standards in practice.

Considerable Care

Reasonable considerable care emphasizes attention to minimizing risks of harm to others.

Care and Minimalist Approach

Considerable care goes beyond the minimalist approach, ensuring higher standards of safety and responsibility.

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Description

Explore the key amendments and fundamental rights enshrined in the Indian Constitution. This quiz covers the 86th amendment, directives for environmental protection, and the rights and duties of citizens. Test your knowledge on societal protections and legal aid provisions.