Immunity
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of lymphocytes in the immune system?

  • Patrol the body and respond to pathogens (correct)
  • Digest foreign particles
  • Neutralize antibodies
  • Produce antigens

    • What role do antibodies play in the immune response?

  • Engulf and digest pathogens
  • Cause inflammatory responses
  • Produce antigens to fight infections
  • Bind to antigens and mark them for destruction (correct)

    • What is the process by which cells engulf and digest foreign particles called?

  • Endocytosis
  • Mitosis
  • Apoptosis
  • Phagocytosis (correct)

    • Which organelle contains digestive enzymes that break down bacterial or viral cell walls?

    <p>Lysosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers immune reactions by lymphocytes?

    <p>Antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells recognize and engulf pathogens in the immune system?

    <p>Phagocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of macrophages in the immune system?

    <p>Recognize and engulf pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of white blood cell is found in various tissues like tonsils, lymph glands, spleen, and bloodstream?

    <p>Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of antibodies in the immune response?

    <p>Bind to antigens to mark them for destruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the process by which cells engulf and digest foreign particles?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of vaccines?

    <p>To provide long-lasting protection against specific diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the immune system is responsible for engulfing invading pathogens through phagocytosis?

    <p>Macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the first line of defense in plants' immunity?

    <p>To provide physical and chemical barriers against microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells recognize antigens and produce antibodies in the immune response?

    <p>B-Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of salicylic acid in plant immunity?

    <p>To fortify unaffected cells against pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immune system component involves specialized responses mediated by lymphocytes and antibodies?

    <p>Acquired immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of antibiotics?

    <p>To treat infections caused by bacteria or fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells target and destroy virus-infected or parasite-infected cells in the immune response?

    <p>Killer T-cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are vaccinations considered a cornerstone of modern medicine?

    <p>To harness the body's immune system for protection against diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do B-Lymphocytes do upon subsequent exposure to the same pathogen?

    <p>Mount a rapid response conferring natural immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of vaccines in conferring protection against infectious diseases?

    <p>Priming the immune system to recognize and respond to specific pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of lymphocytes produce antibodies tailored to bind with and neutralize specific pathogens?

    <p>B-Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of salicylic acid in plant immunity?

    <p>Fortifies unaffected plant cells against pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle plays a critical role in identifying and engulfing invading pathogens through phagocytosis?

    <p>Lysosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes acquired immunity in animals?

    <p>Specialized responses mediated by lymphocytes and antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells in the immune response target and destroy virus-infected or parasite-infected cells?

    <p>Killer T-cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of killer T-cells in the immune system?

    <p>Target and destroy virus-infected or parasite-infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of antibiotics in treating infections?

    <p>Kill bacteria or fungi causing infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of helper T-cells in the immune system?

    <p>Initiate and coordinate immune responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the first line of defense from the second line of defense in plant immunity?

    <p>First line involves physical barriers, while second line involves chemical defenses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of lymphocytes?

    <p>To neutralize specific invaders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves cells engulfing and digesting foreign particles?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of antibodies in the immune response?

    <p>To mark invaders for destruction or render them harmless</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelles contain digestive enzymes that break down bacterial or viral cell walls?

    <p>Lysosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers immune reactions by lymphocytes?

    <p>Antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells recognize and engulf pathogens in the immune system?

    <p>Macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the immune system is responsible for generating antibodies?

    <p>Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of antibodies in the immune response?

    <p>To mark invaders for destruction or render them harmless</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of white blood cell is found in various tissues like tonsils, lymph glands, spleen, and bloodstream?

    <p>Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells target and destroy virus-infected or parasite-infected cells in the immune response?

    <p>Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of lymphocytes in immunity?

    <p>Produce antibodies tailored to specific invaders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle plays a critical role in directing engulfed pathogens to lysosomes for breakdown?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates immune reactions by triggering lymphocytes to generate antibodies?

    <p>Antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes antibodies from antigens in the immune response?

    <p>Antibodies neutralize specific invaders, while antigens initiate immune reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves cells engulfing and digesting foreign particles, aiding in innate immunity?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of phagocytic cells like macrophages in the immune system?

    <p>Engulf and digest pathogens through phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of white blood cell functions as sentinels, patrolling the body for invading pathogens?

    <p>Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of antibodies in the immune response?

    <p>Neutralize specific invaders by binding to antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes a type of white blood cell that is found in various tissues like tonsils, lymph glands, spleen, and bloodstream?

    <p>Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of lysosomes in the context of immunity?

    <p>Break down bacterial or viral cell walls using digestive enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of killer T-cells in the immune system?

    <p>Targeting and destroying virus-infected or parasite-infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the innate immune system from acquired immunity?

    <p>Acquired immunity comprises non-specific responses like inflammation and fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the formation of pseudopodia around pathogens for engulfment?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of B-Lymphocytes in the immune response?

    <p>Producing antibodies tailored to bind with pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the waxy cuticle and bark in plant immunity?

    <p>Serving as physical barriers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle plays a critical role in identifying and engulfing invading pathogens through phagocytosis?

    <p>Lysosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the second line of defense in plant immunity?

    <p>Activation of systemic responses upon infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of lysosomes in the context of immunity?

    <p>Break down bacterial or viral cell walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is characterized by cells engulfing and digesting foreign particles?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of salicylic acid in plant immunity?

    <p>Triggering defense responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In immunity, which component orchestrates responses to ward off invaders and maintain health?

    <p>Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates immune reactions by triggering lymphocytes to generate antibodies?

    <p>Antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of white blood cell functions as sentinels, patrolling the body for invading pathogens?

    <p>Macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the first line of defense in plant immunity?

    <p>Waxy cuticle and bark</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle plays a critical role in directing engulfed pathogens to lysosomes for breakdown?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of vaccines in conferring protection against infectious diseases?

    <p>Triggering acquired immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of B-Lymphocytes in the immune response?

    <p>Producing antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do B-Lymphocytes contribute to natural immunity?

    <p>They recognize antigens and produce antibodies tailored to bind with specific pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes killer T-cells from helper T-cells in the immune response?

    <p>Killer T-cells target and destroy infected cells, while helper T-cells initiate and coordinate immune responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of salicylic acid in plant immunity?

    <p>To trigger systemic responses upon infection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do macrophages contribute to the immune response?

    <p>By identifying and engulfing invading pathogens through phagocytosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates the innate immune system from acquired immunity in animals?

    <p>Innate immunity is non-specific, while acquired immunity is tailored to specific pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Phagocytes' like macrophages primarily function to:

    <p>Identify and engulf invading pathogens through phagocytosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does salicylic acid play in plants' immune response mechanism?

    <p>Triggering systemic responses upon infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

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