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Questions and Answers
Name the first 6 hydrocarbons in the alkane series.
Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane, Pentane, Hexane
Name the first 6 hydrocarbons in the alkene series.
Ethene, Propene, Butene, Pentene, Hexene, Heptene
Name the first 6 hydrocarbons in the alkyne series.
Propyne, Butyne, Pentyne, Hexyne, Heptyne, Octyne
What is the structural formula for propene?
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What is the structural formula for hexyne?
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What is the structural formula for pentane?
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What is the structural formula for ethene?
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What is the name of the molecule with formula C4H10?
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What is the name of the molecule with formula C3H8?
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What is the name of the molecule with formula C2H6?
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Propane is a saturated hydrocarbon.
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Hexene is a saturated hydrocarbon.
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Which of these molecules will have a higher melting and boiling point?
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Which molecule will have a higher melting and boiling point?
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What is one use of hydrocarbons?
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What is a source of hydrocarbons?
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Study Notes
Hydrocarbons
- Hydrocarbons are organic compounds made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms
- The more carbon atoms a hydrocarbon has, the higher its melting and boiling point
- Hydrocarbons are used in various applications such as fuels, solvents, plastics, and asphalt pavement
- Hydrocarbons are obtained from natural gas and crude oil
Alkanes
- Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons, meaning they have only single bonds between carbon atoms
- Their general formula is CnH2n+2
- The first six alkanes are: methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10), pentane (C5H12), and hexane (C6H14)
- Alkanes are used as fuels, motor oil, asphalt, and solvents
Alkenes
- Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain at least one double bond between carbon atoms
- Their general formula is CnH2n
- The first six alkenes are: ethene (C2H4), propene (C3H6), butene (C4H8), pentene (C5H10), hexene (C6H12), and heptene (C7H14)
- Alkenes are used as fuels, raw materials for making plastics, and ripening fruit (ethene)
Alkynes
- Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons containing at least one triple bond between carbon atoms
- Their general formula is CnH2n-2
- The first six alkynes are: ethyne (C2H2), propyne (C3H4), butyne (C4H6), pentyne (C5H8), hexyne (C6H10), and heptyne (C7H12)
- Alkynes are used as welding gas (svetsning)
Melting/Boiling Points
- Carbon chain length influences melting and boiling points: the longer the chain, the higher the melting and boiling points
- Branching decreases melting and boiling points: more highly branched molecules have lower melting and boiling points compared to straight chain molecules
Structural & Molecular Formulas
- Methane (CH4)
- Ethane (C2H6)
- Propane (C3H8)
- Butane (C4H10)
- Pentane (C5H12)
- Hexane (C6H14)
- Ethene (C2H4)
- Propene (C3H6)
- Ethyne (C2H2)
- Propyne (C3H4)
- Hexyne (C6H10)
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of hydrocarbons, including their definitions, classifications, and uses. This quiz covers key concepts related to alkanes and alkenes, their structures, formulas, and applications in various industries. Analyze how carbon atoms influence the properties of these compounds.
