Hydrocarbons: Alkanes, Alkenes, and Alkynes Properties
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Questions and Answers

Which type of hydrocarbon contains carbon-carbon single bonds?

  • Alkanes (correct)
  • Alkenes
  • Cycloalkanes
  • Alkynes

    • What is the primary purpose of the IUPAC system?

  • To create a universal system of measurement
  • To assign a unique name to every organic compound (correct)
  • To classify different types of hydrocarbons
  • To determine the molecular weight of a compound

    • What is the suffix used to indicate that a compound is a saturated hydrocarbon?

  • -ol
  • -ane (correct)
  • -al
  • -ene

    • Which of the following is NOT an alkane?

    <p>Na2CO3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the atomic number of the element carbon in the periodic table?

    <p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the prefixes for 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the IUPAC system?

    <p>Well-established long before the nomenclature was systematized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a substituent group derived from an alkane by removal of a hydrogen atom called?

    <p>Alkyl group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hydrocarbon contains one or more carbon-carbon double bonds, triple bonds, or benzene rings?

    <p>Alkenes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the parent name of an alkane with a branched chain in the IUPAC system?

    <p>The longest chain of carbon atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general term for a compound that consists only of hydrogen and carbon atoms?

    <p>Hydrocarbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the table in the passage?

    <p>To provide the prefixes used to show the presence of 1 to 20 carbon atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of alkanes?

    <p>Saturated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do alkanes not dissolve in water?

    <p>Because they cannot form hydrogen bonds with water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average density of the liquid alkanes?

    <p>0.7 g/mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important chemical property of alkanes and cycloalkanes?

    <p>Their inertness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important reaction of alkanes with oxygen?

    <p>Combustion to form carbon dioxide and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the suffix used to name an alkyl group?

    <p>-yl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do alkanes float on water?

    <p>Because they are less dense than water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis for the use of alkanes as energy sources?

    <p>Their oxidation to form carbon dioxide and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the prefix 'sec-' stand for in the nomenclature of organic compounds?

    <p>Secondary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the IUPAC rules, how is the parent chain of a branched-chain alkane determined?

    <p>The longest chain of carbon atoms is the parent chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the location of a substituent indicated in the name of an alkane?

    <p>With a hyphen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the name of an alkane with an unbranched chain of carbon atoms constructed?

    <p>With a prefix showing the number of carbon atoms in the parent chain and the suffix –ane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prefix is used to indicate that a substituent occurs more than once in an alkane?

    <p>di-</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the heat of combustion of propane?

    <p>530 kcal/mol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition required for the reaction between methane and chlorine to occur?

    <p>High temperature or exposure to light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between methane and chlorine?

    <p>Chloromethane and hydrogen chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that occurs in the reaction between methane and chlorine?

    <p>Substitution reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between chloromethane and chlorine?

    <p>Dichloromethane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final product of the chlorination of methane?

    <p>Tetrachloromethane</p> Signup and view all the answers

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