10 Questions
What is the general formula for alkanes?
CnH2n+2
How are alkenes different from alkanes in terms of their carbon-carbon bonds?
Alkenes have double covalent bonds between two carbon atoms, while alkanes have single covalent bonds.
Which alkane is composed of two carbon atoms bonded together with six hydrogen atoms?
Ethane
What is the structural formula for propene?
C3H6
How many hydrogen atoms are in a methane molecule?
4
Explain the difference between alkanes and alkenes in terms of their carbon-carbon bonds.
Alkanes have single covalent bonds between carbon atoms, while alkenes have double covalent bonds between two carbon atoms.
Describe the molecular structure of ethene.
Ethene consists of two carbon atoms bonded together with each carbon having two hydrogen atoms attached, forming a double covalent bond between the carbons.
What is the general formula for alkanes and how does it help predict molecular structures?
The general formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2. It helps predict molecular structures by providing a pattern for the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in each alkane.
Briefly explain the composition of methane in terms of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Methane is composed of one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms.
What is the homologous series of alkanes and how does it progress from methane to ethane?
The homologous series of alkanes starts with methane (CH4) and progresses to ethane (C2H6) where two carbon atoms are bonded together with six hydrogen atoms.
Study Notes
- Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with single covalent bonds between carbon atoms, with methane being the first alkane in the series consisting of one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms.
- The homologous series of alkanes continues with ethane, where two carbon atoms are bonded together with six hydrogen atoms completing the molecule.
- The general formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2, allowing for the prediction of molecular structures like decane (C10H22).
- Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons with double covalent bonds between two carbon atoms, with ethene being the first alkene in the series consisting of two carbon atoms and four hydrogen atoms.
- The general formula for alkenes is CnH2n, where each carbon atom has double the number of hydrogen atoms, leading to structural formulas like propane (C3H6).
Explore the fundamental concepts of alkanes and alkenes, including saturated hydrocarbons with single covalent bonds in alkanes and double covalent bonds in alkenes. Learn about the general formulas, such as CnH2n+2 for alkanes and CnH2n for alkenes, and how they apply to specific molecules like methane, ethane, ethene, and propane.
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