Hematology and Immune System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What percentage range of total WBCs do neutrophils typically comprise?

  • 3 - 8 %
  • 3 - 5 %
  • 50 - 70 % (correct)
  • 20 - 30 %

    • Which type of WBC is primarily responsible for phagocytosing antibody-coated bacteria?

  • Eosinophils (correct)
  • Monocytes
  • Basophils
  • Neutrophils

    • What is the typical lifespan of neutrophils?

  • Hours to a few days (correct)
  • Months to years
  • Weeks to months
  • Days to weeks

    • What occurs during chemotaxis in neutrophils?

    <p>Neutrophils migrate towards chemical signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immunity do T-lymphocytes primarily mediate?

    <p>Cell mediated immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which WBC type has large deep blue granules and plays a role in vasodilation?

    <p>Basophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of monocytes once they leave the bloodstream?

    <p>Become tissue macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes an inadequate number of WBCs in the bloodstream?

    <p>Viral infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase is NOT part of the stoppage of blood loss from an injured vessel?

    <p>Reorganization Phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of B-lymphocytes in the immune response?

    <p>Produce and distribute antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal hematocrit value for adult females?

    <p>42%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of anemia is characterized by a mean corpuscular volume (MCV) below 80 um3?

    <p>Microcytic hypochromic anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nutrient deficiencies can lead to decreased production of red blood cells?

    <p>Folic acid, Vitamin B12, and Iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is associated with hemolytic anemia?

    <p>Sickle cell disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes leads to an abnormal increase in RBC count?

    <p>Decreased oxygen availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is essential for the absorption of Vitamin B12?

    <p>Intrinsic factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected MCH value range for healthy adults?

    <p>27-33 pg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do megakaryocytes play in hemostasis?

    <p>Release platelets into circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia?

    <p>Pernicious anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of gastrectomy on nutrient absorption?

    <p>Impaired vitamin B12 absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates vasoconstriction in response to blood vessel damage?

    <p>Nervous system stimulation by sympathetic reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Von Willebrand factor during the platelet phase?

    <p>Facilitating platelet adhesion to a damaged vessel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main outcome of the coagulation phase?

    <p>Formation of a fibrin meshwork to stabilize the clot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the extrinsic pathway of coagulation differ from the intrinsic pathway?

    <p>It requires the exposure of tissue factor and acts faster.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do actin and myosin fibrils play during clot retraction?

    <p>They contract the clot and stabilize the damaged area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is activated to initiate the process of fibrinolysis?

    <p>Plasminogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of clot retraction during the healing process?

    <p>To create a firmer structure for tissue repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the intrinsic pathway have on the coagulation process?

    <p>It requires multiple steps, allowing for amplification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do endogenous inhibitors contribute to hemostasis?

    <p>They prevent excessive clotting by inhibiting coagulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the clot as repair processes advance?

    <p>The clot gradually dissolves through fibrinolysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Prostacyclin secreted by the endothelium?

    <p>Inhibits platelet aggregation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which coagulation factor is deficient in Hemophilia A?

    <p>Factor VIII</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential cause of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)?

    <p>Prolonged immobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding the ABO blood groups is true?

    <p>Group B has anti-A antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is associated with the absence of Rh antibodies in plasma?

    <p>Rh- blood type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is heparin's primary mechanism of action in preventing coagulation?

    <p>Inactivates thrombin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of a person with Rh- blood receiving Rh+ blood?

    <p>They develop Rh antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin deficiency can lead to acquired coagulopathies?

    <p>Vitamin K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of antithrombin (AT) in the body?

    <p>Inhibits coagulation factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the prevention of Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN) achieved?

    <p>By administering Rh immunoglobulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

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