White Blood Cell Differential Analysis

Study Notes

White Blood Cell Differential Analysis

The analysis likely utilized multiple techniques to differentiate white blood cells (WBCs), including light scatter, fluorescence, impedance, and multi-angle polarization scatter (MAPSS).
The instrument likely measures forward and side light scattering, low/high-angle light scatter, red fluorescent dye staining, and impedance volume.
The document includes a table summarizing WBC classifications, observations, potential causes, and additional remarks.
Smudge cells are nuclear remnants of lymphocytes resembling thumbprints, frequently found in normal numbers but may be associated with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL).
Basket cells are nuclear remnants of granulocytic cells, also found in normal numbers, with unknown potential causes.
Hand-mirror lymphocytes are lymphocytes with a distinctive hand-mirror appearance, potentially observed in some leukemias.
Type II Downey cells are associated with some infectious mononucleosis, but the specific cause is unknown.
Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (LAD) presents as a lack of cell-surface adhesion proteins, leading to recurrent serious infections and high mortality.
Myeloperoxidase Deficiency involves low or absent myeloperoxidase enzyme levels, potentially resulting in recurrent infections.
Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) results from defects in the respiratory burst oxidase system causing recurrent infections and high mortality.
Niemann-Pick Disease (NPD) is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by lipid droplets and usually fatal within three years.
Gaucher Disease, a common form of lipidosis, involves a defect in the catabolic enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase, resulting in lipid droplets.
The document mentions additional tests and results beyond the table, including the Nitroblue Tetrazolium Test.
The text also details specific abnormal cell morphologies, including cells with lipid droplets and distinct chromatin structures.
The document provides potential interpretations in the "Possible Causes" column; however, it explicitly states that definitive causes require further clinical investigation.

Description

This quiz explores the techniques and classifications used in the differential analysis of white blood cells (WBCs). Key topics include the assessment methods, such as light scattering and fluorescence, as well as specific cell types like smudge cells and basket cells. Enhance your understanding of WBC identification and their clinical significance.