13 Questions
What is the main role of CD8 T cells in immune defense?
Recognizing specific antigen-MHC class I complexes on infected or tumor cells
What is the cytotoxic action of CD8 T cells upon recognition of target cells?
Releasing perforin and granzymes to induce apoptosis in the target cells
In the context of tumors, what is the role of CD8 T cells in immune surveillance?
Targeting and eliminating cells with abnormal growth
What is the function of memory CD8 T cells?
Providing long-term immunity and ensuring a faster response upon reencountering the same pathogen or tumor cells
What type of antigen do CD8 T cells recognize on infected or tumor cells?
MHC class I complexes
Which type of T cells are CD3+ and CD4+?
Helper T lymphocytes and Regulatory T cells
What is the role of CD8 T cells in relation to intracellular microbes?
Killing of cells infected with intracellular microbes
How do helper T cells affect neutrophils' chemotaxis?
Release chemotactic factors to attract neutrophils to infection sites
What is the role of Interleukin-17 (IL-17) in the activation of neutrophils by helper T cells?
Plays a crucial role in activating neutrophils
How do helper T cells affect the phagocytic activity of neutrophils?
Release cytokines that enhance the phagocytic activity of neutrophils
What is the effect of helper T cells on the lifespan of neutrophils?
Prolong the lifespan of neutrophils through released cytokines
What is the overall role of helper T cells in coordinating the immune response?
Orchestrating and regulating the immune response, including the activation and regulation of neutrophils
What is the significance of helper T cells releasing cytokines upon recognizing antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?
Activates and regulates neutrophils to ensure harmonious immune response
Study Notes
CD8 T Cells in Immune Defense
- CD8 T cells play a crucial role in immune defense by recognizing and eliminating infected cells or tumor cells.
- Upon recognition of target cells, CD8 T cells exhibit cytotoxic action, releasing cytotoxins and enzymes that induce apoptosis or cell lysis.
- In the context of tumors, CD8 T cells are responsible for immune surveillance, recognizing and eliminating tumor cells that display tumor-specific antigens.
Antigen Recognition and Memory CD8 T Cells
- CD8 T cells recognize endogenous antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules on infected or tumor cells.
- Memory CD8 T cells retain the ability to recognize and respond to previously encountered antigens, providing long-term immunity.
CD4 T Cells and Immune Response
- CD4 T cells, also known as helper T cells, are characterized by the surface expression of CD3 and CD4.
- Helper T cells play a central role in coordinating the immune response, influencing the activity of other immune cells, such as neutrophils.
Helper T Cells and Neutrophils
- Helper T cells release cytokines that enhance the chemotaxis of neutrophils, increasing their ability to migrate towards sites of infection.
- Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a key cytokine released by helper T cells, which activates neutrophils and enhances their antimicrobial activity.
- Helper T cells also increase the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, enabling them to engulf and eliminate pathogens more effectively.
- Furthermore, helper T cells can increase the lifespan of neutrophils, allowing them to persist at the site of infection for longer periods.
Coordinating the Immune Response
- Helper T cells play a crucial role in coordinating the immune response by releasing cytokines that influence the activity of other immune cells.
- The release of cytokines by helper T cells upon recognition of antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) is a critical step in the initiation of an immune response.
Learn about the interaction between helper T cells and neutrophils, including the activation of neutrophils through cytokine release and the role of chemotactic factors in guiding neutrophils to infection or inflammation sites.
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