Healthcare and Communication Systems Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of communications system uses the same frequency for both transmitting and receiving?

  • Half-duplex
  • Simplex (correct)
  • Multiplex
  • Duplex

    • Which communication system allows for simultaneous two-way communication using different transmit and receive frequencies?

  • Multiplex
  • Duplex (correct)
  • Simplex
  • Half-duplex

    • What is the term for communications systems capable of transmitting both voice and electronic patient data concurrently?

  • Half-duplex
  • Duplex
  • Simplex
  • Multiplex (correct)

    • What is the primary function of homeostasis in the body?

    <p>To maintain stability, balance and equilibrium within cells and the body. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organs is NOT primarily located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen?

    <p>Spleen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary energy molecule produced during cellular respiration?

    <p>ATP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following physiological responses is associated with the sympathetic nervous system?

    <p>Increased blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An increase in blood pressure is counteracted by baroreceptors, which then trigger the parasympathetic system, resulting in which of the following?

    <p>Decreased heart rate. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the concept of patient advocacy?

    <p>Defending, protecting, and acting in the patient's best interest. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between libel and slander?

    <p>Libel involves written statements, while slander involves spoken words. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is autonomy in the healthcare setting?

    <p>The right of a competent patient to make decisions about their own medical care. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a type of consent?

    <p>Assigned consent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, what is the biggest preventable injury in the elderly population?

    <p>Falls (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?

    <p>Transverse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What area is most frequently injured in pediatric patients?

    <p>The head. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the vagus nerve?

    <p>Regulating abdominal viscera activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process utilizes a chemical or physical method to kill all microorganisms on an object?

    <p>Sterilizing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of body temperature regulation, how does convection contribute to heat loss?

    <p>Via the movement of air currents across the skin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, which of the following is NOT a part of the four elements needed for negligence?

    <p>Intention to harm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A paramedic's improper release of a patient's confidential information could lead to a lawsuit for which of the following?

    <p>Defamation, invasion of privacy, and breach of confidentiality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the structure and function of cardiac muscle tissue?

    <p>It consists of interlocking cells responsible for pumping blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of consent is typically associated with patients held for mental health evaluations or under arrest?

    <p>Involuntary consent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During ventricular systole, which valves are closed to prevent backflow of blood?

    <p>Mitral and Tricuspid valves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the termination of the paramedic-patient relationship without ensuring appropriate continuation of care?

    <p>Abandonment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by the QRS complex on an ECG?

    <p>Ventricular depolarization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Following the AV node, what is the next structure that conducts the electrical impulse in the heart?

    <p>AV Bundle (Bundle of His) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following BEST describes a well-documented patient care report?

    <p>Accurate, objective, and thorough (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Latin-derived medical term for the principle of 'doing no harm' to the patient is:

    <p>Nonmaleficence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a typical function of the upper airway?

    <p>Facilitating gas exchange (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which entity is responsible for safeguarding the rights of subjects involved in research projects?

    <p>IRBs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethical test asks whether you would agree to a particular procedure if you were in the patient's position?

    <p>The impartiality test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an action that Advanced Automatic Collision Notification (AACN) is intended to achieve?

    <p>Notifying the receiving hospitals that they will be getting a trauma patient (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the location of preganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic nervous system?

    <p>Craniosacral (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of blood flow through the heart, starting from the right atrium?

    <p>Right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary artery → lungs → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key factor in controlling blood pressure?

    <p>Respiratory rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle type is responsible for vasoconstriction and vasodilation?

    <p>Smooth muscle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these layers of the central nervous system contains blood vessels that serve the brain and spinal cord?

    <p>Pia mater (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If blood pressure falls, what is the homeostatic response?

    <p>Raise it (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Increased fluid volume, increased heart rate, and increased peripheral resistance will have what effect on blood pressure?

    <p>Increase blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle type is under conscious control?

    <p>Skeletal muscle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the function of the arachnoid mater?

    <p>Contains cerebrospinal fluid and acts as a shock absorber. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of surfactant in the alveoli?

    <p>To lower surface tension, allowing alveoli to expand more easily. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In diabetic nephropathy, what causes the primary damage to the kidneys?

    <p>The kidneys attempt to filter glucose out of the blood. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the alveolar-capillary membrane?

    <p>It consists of the alveolar wall and the capillary wall, facilitating gas exchange. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a symptom of diabetic nephropathy listed in the content?

    <p>Shortness of breath (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence with inadequate surfactant in premature babies?

    <p>Rupture or collapse of the alveoli. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of layers oxygen passes through during gas exchange in the lungs?

    <p>Epithelial cells -&gt; basement membranes -&gt; connective tissue -&gt; endothelial cells -&gt; plasma. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the subdural space located?

    <p>Between the arachnoid mater and the dura mater (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    80/81 Study Guide

    • Ecology: The study of interactions between an organism and its environment.
    • Signs: Observable effects of a health problem (e.g., vomiting).
    • Symptoms: Effects noticed only by the person (e.g., nausea).
    • Body Planes: Anatomical planes to divide the body (Frontal, Transverse, Sagittal, Midsagittal).
    • Atomic Nucleus: Contains protons and neutrons.
    • Heat Loss: Convection is the fastest method of heat loss. Water has a higher heat capacity than air.
    • Cell Membrane: Semi-permeable.
    • Cellular Respiration: Glucose breaks down to produce ATP.
    • Body Organ Membranes: Serous membrane covers organs (parietal and visceral layers).
    • Muscle Types: Skeletal muscles are voluntary. Cardiac cells are a type of smooth muscle.
    • Body Temperature Regulation: Peripheral blood vessels constrict in cold environments.
    • Integumentary System: Decreased capillary refill in cases of significant blood loss.
    • Nervous System: Input is sensory. The vagus nerve controls abdominal viscera.
    • Central Nervous System: The post-central gyrus size correlates with fine motor control.
    • Touch Receptors: Fingers have the most touch receptors.
    • Hormones: Glucagon and Insulin perform opposite functions.

    80/81 Study Guide (Page 2)

    • Heart Valves: Tricuspid and mitral (atria to ventricles), aortic and pulmonary (ventricles to arteries).
    • Ventricular Systole: Atrioventricular valves are closed.
    • Blood Pressure: Increases with increased cardiac output.
    • ECG Waves: QRS waves coincide with ventricular depolarization.
    • External Respiration: The gas exchange between alveoli and capillaries.
    • AV Node: Current moves to the AV bundle (Bundle of His) after the AV node.
    • Upper Airway: Epiglottis controls opening into the trachea.
    • ATP Production: Cells need oxygen to make ATP.
    • Immunity: Fever and inflammation are part of innate immunity.
    • Blood Flow to Liver: Hepatic artery and portal vein.
    • Renal Pyramids: Collecting ducts are found in renal pyramids.
    • Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH): Released by the hypothalamus to decrease blood pressure and increase water reabsorption.
    • Urine Blood Causes: Decreased filtration.
    • Ovulation Hormone: Luteinizing hormone (LH).
    • Pregnancy Hormones: Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
    • Antibiotics: Associated with drug-resistant bacteria.
    • EMS Education: Initial and continuing education.
    • Reciprocity: Accepting comparable licensing from another state/agency.
    • Paramedic Roles: Non-traditional roles include those in primary care, oil rigs, or industrial settings.

    80/81 Study Guide (Page 3)

    • Paramedic Roles: Family practitioners are not a role for paramedics.
    • Agencies: Homeland Security agency was established after 9/11. EMS is run by medical directors.
    • Professionalism: Ethical conduct including grooming, confidentiality, and attending continuing education.
    • Scientific Study Design: A hypothesis is a specific question, a double-blind study is where neither subjects nor experimenters know what is being studied. Retrospective studies examine existing data.
    • Stages of Grief: Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance.
    • Benefits of Nutrition: Cancer prevention, cardiovascular disease reduction, stress minimization.
    • Empathy and Advocacy: Deep understanding of circumstances and acting in the patient's best interests.
    • Medical Terminology: Diplomacy, libel, slander, ethics, morals, and autonomy.

    80/81 Study Guide (Page 4)

    • Injury Prevention: Falls are the biggest preventable injury in the elderly. Head injuries are most common in pediatrics.
    • Dietary Guidelines: Half of a plate should be fruits and vegetables.
    • Infection Control: Standard precautions are more stringent than universal precautions.
    • Sterilization: Using a chemical or physical method to kill all microorganisms.
    • Stress Response: Active processes during stressful situations are called coping mechanisms.
    • EMS Evolution: Military conflicts, trauma care, and the National Highway Traffic Administration influence EMS.
    • EMS System Components: Public is an important part of the EMS system. Medical direction is part of the EMS communications system and dispatch, but it is not a communications network.
    • EMS Priorities: Personal safety is the top priority in emergency situations.
    • Trauma Centers: Level I trauma centers provide the highest level of trauma care.
    • Data Management and Research: Maintaining complete patient care records is critical for research, quality improvement, and the flow of information.
    • Research Methods: Qualitative studies describe phenomena in words, quantitative studies describe them in numbers. Independent variables affect dependent variables. Epidemiology studies incidence and distribution of injury.

    80/81 Study Guide (Page 5)

    • Injury Deaths: Intentional injuries account for about one-third of all injury deaths.
    • Tertiary Prevention: Rehabilitation to prevent future problems from occurring.
    • OSHA Standards: Employer and employee responsibilities are outlined.
    • Occupational Hazards: Back injuries are a leading cause of disability for EMS workers.
    • Common Law: Originated in England and adopted in the U.S.
    • Administrative Law: Enacted by agencies at the state or federal level.
    • Intervener Physicians: On-scene physician assistance for a patient.
    • Legal Terms: Legalities of negligence claims (good Samaritan laws).
    • Confidentiality: Violations can cause legal issues (defamation, invasion of privacy).
    • Consent: Involuntary consent in cases under law enforcement or mental health evaluation.
    • Patient Care Documentation: Patient care reports should be accurate, objective, and thorough.
    • Research Ethics: Institutional review boards (IRBs) protect research subjects' rights.
    • Ethical Questioning: Impartiality testing in ethics.
    • Public Health Reporting: Births, deaths, child neglect/abuse.
    • Medical Communication: Radio procedures are general communications methods.

    80/81 Study Guide (Page 6)

    • Patient Care: Dispatcher or physician orders can be received from a dispatcher. Echo procedures are in use during communication.
    • Automatic Collision Notification: Benefits of using this to improve outcomes in severely injured patients.
    • Radio Frequencies: Frequencies for better communication with improved range are UHF (cities) and VHF (suburban-rural.)
    • Communication Systems: Simplex and Duplex systems are types of communication systems. Multiplex systems allow for simultaneous transmission of voice and electronic patient data.
    • Homeostasis: Maintaining body stability and equilibrium is homeostasis.
    • Major Organs: The quadrants of the abdomen's major internal organs are listed.
    • Cellular Respiration: The energy bond creation and transformation to store and generate energy ATP.
    • Sympathetic vs. Parasympathetic Nervous System Response: Sympathetic (fight-or-flight) and parasympathetic (rest-and-digest).

    80/81 Study Guide (Page 7)

    • Blood Flow Through the Heart: Detailed path of blood through the heart's chambers and valves.
    • Blood Pressure Control: Regulation by heart rate, blood volume, peripheral resistance, and fluid volume.
    • Muscle Types: Skeleta, smooth, and cardiac muscles are categorized and their functions described.
    • Central Nervous System Membranes: Describing layers of meninges, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and the spaces in the CNS structure.
    • Surfactant: Importance of surfactant for lung function, preventing alveolar collapse, and preventing lung injury in premature infants.
    • Kidney Disorders: Diabetic nephroppathy, causation, symptoms, and consequence when blood glucose level is high for a long time.

    80/81 Study Guide (Page 8)

    • Gas Exchange in Lungs: Alveoli and capillaries facilitating gas movement through the alveolar-capillary membrane.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on communication systems and healthcare concepts. This quiz covers topics such as types of communication systems, the function of homeostasis, and the principles of patient advocacy. Prepare to enhance your understanding of these crucial subjects in healthcare and communication technology.

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