Grade 6 Science Unit 1 Lesson 4: Animal Systems

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Questions and Answers

What are the seven life processes?

The seven life processes are movement, excretion, respiration, reproduction, nutrition, growth, and sensitivity.

Which of the following is NOT a life process?

Breathing

Reproduction

Eating

Sleeping (correct)

What is the process by which living things obtain energy?

Respiration

Photosynthesis (correct)

Digestion

Excretion

All living things obtain energy by eating food.

False Signup and view all the answers

Define 'Autotrophic'.

Autotrophic describes organisms that can produce their own food from inorganic sources. Signup and view all the answers

Define 'Heterotrophic'.

Heterotrophic describes organisms that obtain their energy from other living organisms. Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which food is broken down into smaller molecules?

Digestion Signup and view all the answers

What is the removal of waste products from the body called?

Excretion Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of digestive systems found in animals?

The two main types of digestive systems are complete digestive systems and incomplete digestive systems. Signup and view all the answers

How do sponges obtain food?

Sponges are filter feeders, meaning they draw water through their pores using specialized cells to capture food particles from the water. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of flame cells in flatworms?

Flame cells are specialized cells in flatworms that filter waste products from the body. Signup and view all the answers

Which animal has a segmented digestive tract?

Earthworm Signup and view all the answers

What challenges do herbivorous animals face when digesting plant material?

Plant material is tough to digest due to its high content of cellulose, a substance that animals cannot easily break down. Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary adaptations of herbivorous vertebrates for digesting plants?

Herbivorous vertebrates have adaptations such as specialized teeth for grinding plant material and bacteria in their digestive tract to help break down cellulose. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of a herbivorous animal?

Lion Signup and view all the answers

What are the main organs involved in human digestion?

The main organs involved in human digestion are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the liver in waste removal?

The liver filters toxins (harmful substances) from the blood, breaks them down, and then sends them for excretion. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organs is primarily responsible for removing carbon dioxide from the body?

Lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the skin in waste removal?

The skin removes waste through sweat, which contains water, salts, and other waste products. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the kidneys in waste removal?

The kidneys filter waste products from the blood and create urine, which is then excreted. Signup and view all the answers

Herbivorous animals do not need bacteria in their digestive systems.

False Signup and view all the answers

How do animal digestive systems solve the problem of digesting different types of food?

Animal digestive systems have evolved adaptations, such as specialized organs, enzymes, or bacteria, to efficiently break down different types of food. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Brightside High School Learning Platform

Academic Session: 20242025
Class: 6
Compiled Lessons: 16
Quarter: 2nd
Week: 1

Grade 6 Science Lesson 1 (Unit 1, Lesson 4: Animal System)

Lesson Outline:
- The seven life processes
- How living things obtain energy
- Digestion and excretion

The Seven Life Processes

Movement
Respiration
Nutrition
Sensitivity
Growth
Excretion
Reproduction

How do Living Things Obtain Energy?

Living things use energy from food.
Photosynthetic organisms (autotrophic) make their own food.
Most other organisms (heterotrophic) obtain or ingest food from their environment.

What are Digestion and Excretion?

Each animal ingests, breaks down, and eliminates waste.
Digestion: Breaks down ingested food into usable molecules for cells, releasing stored energy.
Excretion: Removal of waste materials from the body; these wastes have no value.

Notebook Task (Page 6)

How do most animals obtain food compared to photosynthetic organisms?
- Animals eat other organisms (heterotrophic).
- Photosynthetic organisms make their own food (autotrophic).
Why is digestion important for organisms that ingest food?
- Digestion breaks down food into smaller, absorbable nutrients.
- Digestion enables organisms to extract energy and nutrients essential for growth, repair, and survival.
Consider an environment where waste removal is impaired. What potential effects could this have on an organism's health, and why is excretion vital?
- Toxin buildup could harm cells and organs.
- Impaired excretion can lead to diseases or organ failure.

Grade 6 Science Lesson 2, 3 (Unit 1, Lesson 4: Animal System)

Lesson Outline:
- Vertebrate and Invertebrate
- How digestion and excretion occur in invertebrates
- Aquatic invertebrates
- Simple invertebrates (e.g., Annelids)

Vertebrates and Invertebrates

Vertebrates: Animals with backbones.
- Divided into five groups: Mammals, Birds, Fish, Reptiles, Amphibians.
- Examples: Humans, elephants, cows, dolphins, cats, sparrows, frogs, fish, crocodiles
Invertebrates: Animals without backbones.
- Divided into Molluscs, Insects, Arachnids, Annelids, Crustaceans, and Echinoderms.
- Examples: Ladybirds, squids, bees, snails, centipedes, wasps

How Digestion and Excretion Occurs in Invertebrates (Page 9, 10)

Sponges: Filter feeders; water flows through pores, capturing food particles.
Cnidarians and Flatworms: One opening for ingestion and egestion; feed on bacteria, small worms, dead matter, and protozoa. Use flame cells to filter out waste.
Annelids: More advanced "tube-within-a-tube" system; food enters through the mouth, moves through the digestive tract, and waste is expelled through a separate opening.

Notebook Task (Page 12)

What is the primary method by which sponges obtain food?
- Sponges draw water through their pores using specialized cells, capturing tiny food particles from the water.
- The particles are engulfed and transported throughout the sponge's body.
- Constant water flow is crucial for obtaining oxygen and expelling waste.

Notebook Task (Page 13)

Cnidarians and flatworms have an incomplete digestive system because both have only one opening for ingestion and egestion.
Waste is expelled through the same opening used for feeding.
Compare the digestive systems of flatworms and earthworms.
- Flatworms: Simple, branched cavity for occasional feeding; nutrients absorbed near cells due to lack of circulatory system.
- Earthworms: Segmented digestive tract for continuous feeding; this matches their burrowing lifestyle.

Grade 6 Science Lesson 4, 5 (Unit 1, Lesson 4: Animal System)

Lesson Outline:
- Vertebrate and Invertebrate
- How digestion and excretion occur in vertebrates
- Herbivores
- Carnivores
- Omnivores

How Digestion and Excretion Occurs in Vertebrates (Page 16)

Herbivores (Rabbits, Cows, Elephants):
- Specialized teeth for grinding plant material.
- Bacteria in the digestive tract break down plant fibers.

Digestive System in Herbivores and Carnivores

Diagrams provided, showing the differences between the digestive tract of herbivores and carnivores.

Overview of the Human Digestive System (Page 18)

Food is chewed, mixed with saliva in the mouth, broken down by acids in the stomach; and nutrients are absorbed and waste is formed in the intestines.

Waste Removal Organs

Liver: Filters toxins from the blood.
Lungs: Remove waste by exhaling carbon dioxide.
Skin: Removes waste by releasing sweat.
Kidneys: Filter waste to create urine.

Notebook Task (Page 20)

Why do herbivorous animals like rabbits and cows have bacteria in their digestive systems?
- Herbivores have bacteria in their digestive systems to help break down tough plant fibers (e.g., cellulose) and convert them into absorbable nutrients.

Notebook Task (Page 21)

How have animal digestive systems solved the problem of digesting food?
- Animal digestive systems use specialized organs, enzymes, and bacteria to break down different food types.
- These adaptations enable efficient digestion and nutrient absorption.

Grade 6 Science Lesson 6 (Unit 1, Lesson 4: Animal System)

Lesson Outline: Lab visit and worksheet completion.

Worksheet (Page 23)

Labeling parts of the digestive system, drawing one line from each organ to its role in digestion.

Grade 6 Reading and Writing Workbook (Page 17)

Reading comprehension questions about animal digestion and excretion.
Answers provided relating to the seven life processes, the process of excretion, the digestive organs, and the organs involved in waste elimination.

HW Task 1 (Page 25)

Draw and label a picture of an earthworm.

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Description

This quiz covers Unit 1, Lesson 4 of the Grade 6 Science curriculum, focusing on animal systems and the seven life processes. Students will learn about energy acquisition, digestion, and excretion in living organisms. Test your knowledge of these fundamental concepts related to animal biology.