Glycolysis Pathway
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary source of energy for brain cells?

  • Amino acids
  • Pyruvate
  • Glucose (correct)
  • Lactate

    • Where does the process of aerobic oxidation of carbohydrates take place?

  • In the cells possessing mitochondria (correct)
  • In the cytoplasm of all cells
  • In the muscle cells during exercise
  • In the liver cells only

    • What is the purpose of the enzyme glucokinase in the liver?

  • To phosphorylate glucose with high affinity
  • To phosphorylate hexoses with low affinity
  • To inhibit the action of glucose 6-phosphate
  • To phosphorylate glucose with low affinity (correct)

    • What is the central molecule with a variety of metabolic fates?

    <p>Glucose 6-phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the enzyme phosphofructokinase (PFK) in glycolysis?

    <p>It is an allosteric inducible key enzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which cells does glycolysis form the major source of ATP synthesis?

    <p>Erythrocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the end product of the glycolytic pathway in tissues with mitochondria?

    <p>Pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Mg2+ in reaction 8?

    <p>Activator of enolase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of NADH in anaerobic conditions?

    <p>It is reoxidized by the conversion of pyruvate to lactate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of iodoacetate on reaction 6?

    <p>It inhibits glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the inhibition of isomerase by bromohydroxyacetone-phosphate?

    <p>The accumulation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in anaerobic conditions?

    <p>It converts pyruvate to lactate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of energy for the brain, retina, renal medulla, and GI tract?

    <p>Glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net ATP yield from one glucose molecule in aerobic glycolysis?

    <p>7 ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following enzymes is inhibited by glucose-6-phosphate?

    <p>Hexokinase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the malate-aspartate shuttle pathway in glycolysis?

    <p>To produce 3 ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During strenuous exercise, which tissue relies heavily on un-interrupted glycolysis?

    <p>Skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of insulin on glycolysis?

    <p>Activates glycolytic enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the response of Pyruvate kinase to insulin and glucagon?

    <p>Increases in response to insulin and decreases in response to glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate in the liver?

    <p>Regulation of Glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of cAMP phosphorylation on the tandem enzyme?

    <p>Inactivation of PFK2 and activation of Fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the state of PFK2 and F 2,6 BP in high blood glucose levels?

    <p>PFK2 active and F 2,6 BP inactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the explanation for the Pasteur effect?

    <p>Inhibition of PFK by citrate and ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of oxygen on glycolysis in anaerobic yeast?

    <p>Inhibition of glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of 2,3 BPG on hemoglobin?

    <p>Decreases the affinity of Hb towards oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of pyruvate in thiamine deficient alcoholics?

    <p>It is converted to lactate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of hexokinase deficiency?

    <p>Decrease in 2,3 BPG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

    <p>To convert pyruvate to acetyl CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of arsenic and mercuric ions on pyruvate dehydrogenase?

    <p>They inhibit pyruvate dehydrogenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of lactate formed that goes through the Rapoport-Luebering shunt?

    <p>15-25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

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