Podcast
Questions and Answers
Match each gluteal muscle to its origin.
Match each gluteal muscle to its origin.
Gluteus Maximus = Posterior Ilium/Crest, sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament, fascia lata Gluteus Minimus = Lateral Ilium (Between ant/inf. gluteal lines) Gluteus Medius = Lateral Ilium (Between anterior/post gluteal lines) Tensor fascia latae = Iliac crest/ Lateral ASIS/ Deep fascia lata
Match each gluteal muscle to its insertion
Match each gluteal muscle to its insertion
Gluteus Maximus = IT band (Lateral intermuscular septum: superficial 2/3); Gluteal tuberosity (Deep distal 1/4) Gluteus Medius = Greater trochanter (lateral) Gluteus Minimus = Greater trochanter (anterolateral aspect) Tensor Fascia Latae = IT band
Match each muscle to its action
Match each muscle to its action
Gluteus Maximus = Extend and laterally rotate the thigh Gluteus Medius = Abduct and medially rotate the thigh Gluteus Minimus = Abduct and medially rotate the thigh Tensor Fascia latae = Abduct/medially rotate the thigh; Stabilize and steady the hip and knee joints
Match each deep gluteal muscle to its origin
Match each deep gluteal muscle to its origin
Match each deep gluteal muscle to its insertion
Match each deep gluteal muscle to its insertion
Match the deep gluteal muscles to their insertion/ origin
Match the deep gluteal muscles to their insertion/ origin
What deep gluteal muscles adduct and laterally rotate the thigh?
What deep gluteal muscles adduct and laterally rotate the thigh?
The superior gemellus, obturator internus and inferior gemellus are known as the triceps coxae
The superior gemellus, obturator internus and inferior gemellus are known as the triceps coxae
What innervates the gluteus maximus
What innervates the gluteus maximus
What innervates the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus?
What innervates the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus?
What innervates the piriformis muscle?
What innervates the piriformis muscle?
What lies on the anterior aspect of piriformis
What lies on the anterior aspect of piriformis
The most important function of gluteus medius and minimus is to steady the pelvis when the contralateral leg is off the ground
The most important function of gluteus medius and minimus is to steady the pelvis when the contralateral leg is off the ground
What does a positive Trendelenburg test display?
What does a positive Trendelenburg test display?
Which of the following is not a bursa of the gluteal/ hip region
Which of the following is not a bursa of the gluteal/ hip region
Which muscle exits through the greater trochanter?
Which muscle exits through the greater trochanter?
Which muscle exits through the lesser sciatic foramen?
Which muscle exits through the lesser sciatic foramen?
What nerve is compressed in Piriformis syndrome?
What nerve is compressed in Piriformis syndrome?
The pudendal nerve exits through the lesser sciatic foramen to reenter through the greater sciatic foramen
The pudendal nerve exits through the lesser sciatic foramen to reenter through the greater sciatic foramen
Match each anterior thigh muscle (Flexor of the thigh/hip joint) to its origin
Match each anterior thigh muscle (Flexor of the thigh/hip joint) to its origin
Match each anterior thigh muscle to its origin (Extensors of the leg and knee joint)
Match each anterior thigh muscle to its origin (Extensors of the leg and knee joint)
Which artery is a part of the trochanteric and cruciate anastomoses?
Which artery is a part of the trochanteric and cruciate anastomoses?
The anterior division of the lumbar plexus lies more anteriorly and the posterior division lies more posteriorly.
The anterior division of the lumbar plexus lies more anteriorly and the posterior division lies more posteriorly.
The femoral nerve (L2-L4) divides into 2 divisions 1 cm inferior to the inguinal ligament.
The femoral nerve (L2-L4) divides into 2 divisions 1 cm inferior to the inguinal ligament.
The posterior division of femoral nerve is largely sensory and the anterior division is largely motor
The posterior division of femoral nerve is largely sensory and the anterior division is largely motor
What structure does not enter the adductor canal?
What structure does not enter the adductor canal?
The superior gluteal artery is part of the trochanteric anastomosis
The superior gluteal artery is part of the trochanteric anastomosis
What provides sensory innervation to the skin overlying the femoral triangle
What provides sensory innervation to the skin overlying the femoral triangle
Medial circumflex branch of profunda is posterior to the femur.
Medial circumflex branch of profunda is posterior to the femur.
The lateral circumflex branch of profunda femoris is deep to rectus femoris.
The lateral circumflex branch of profunda femoris is deep to rectus femoris.
Which of the following borders of the femoral triangle is not properly matched with its structure?
Which of the following borders of the femoral triangle is not properly matched with its structure?
What structure is not formed by the aponeurosis of the external oblique?
What structure is not formed by the aponeurosis of the external oblique?
Which of the following is not a border of the adductor canal?
Which of the following is not a border of the adductor canal?
The fascia lata envelops sartorius
The fascia lata envelops sartorius
What muscles does the anterior obturator branch travel deep to?
What muscles does the anterior obturator branch travel deep to?
Which muscle is not innervated by the anterior branch of the obturator nerve?
Which muscle is not innervated by the anterior branch of the obturator nerve?
What muscle does the posterior division of the obturator nerve travel posterior to?
What muscle does the posterior division of the obturator nerve travel posterior to?
Which muscle is not innervated by the posterior branch of the obturator nerve?
Which muscle is not innervated by the posterior branch of the obturator nerve?
The profunda femoris artery can be found in the posterolateral surface of the femoral artery
The profunda femoris artery can be found in the posterolateral surface of the femoral artery
The profunda femoris artery is 5-8 centimeters from the inguinal ligament
The profunda femoris artery is 5-8 centimeters from the inguinal ligament
Which muscle is not a border of the profunda femoris artery
Which muscle is not a border of the profunda femoris artery
Where does the profunda femoris terminate?
Where does the profunda femoris terminate?
What do the perforating arteries of the profunda supply?
What do the perforating arteries of the profunda supply?
The medial circumflex artery may branch from the femoral artery 20% of the time
The medial circumflex artery may branch from the femoral artery 20% of the time
Which branch is part of the medial circumflex femoral branch?
Which branch is part of the medial circumflex femoral branch?
What are the branches of the lateral circumflex femoral artery?
What are the branches of the lateral circumflex femoral artery?
Match each medial thigh muscle to its origin
Match each medial thigh muscle to its origin
Match each muscle to its insertion site
Match each muscle to its insertion site
Which muscle is most commonly involved in groin injuries?
Which muscle is most commonly involved in groin injuries?
The superior gluteal, inferior gluteal and posterior cutaneous femoral nerves are part of the posterior division of the sacral plexus
The superior gluteal, inferior gluteal and posterior cutaneous femoral nerves are part of the posterior division of the sacral plexus
Flashcards
Gluteus maximus action
Gluteus maximus action
Extends and laterally rotates the thigh.
Gluteus medius/minimus action
Gluteus medius/minimus action
Abducts and medially rotates the thigh.
Piriformis action
Piriformis action
Laterally rotates the thigh.
Superior/Inferior gemellus and obturator internus action
Superior/Inferior gemellus and obturator internus action
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Gluteus medius and minimus function
Gluteus medius and minimus function
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Positive Trendelenburg test
Positive Trendelenburg test
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Iliopsoas muscle action
Iliopsoas muscle action
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Quadriceps muscle action
Quadriceps muscle action
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Nerve compressed in Piriformis syndrome
Nerve compressed in Piriformis syndrome
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Pudendal nerve pathway
Pudendal nerve pathway
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Superior gluteal artery
Superior gluteal artery
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Profunda femoris artery location
Profunda femoris artery location
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Profunda femoris termination
Profunda femoris termination
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Perforating arteries function
Perforating arteries function
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Anterior obturator branch travel location
Anterior obturator branch travel location
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Posterior division of the obturator nerve travels posterior to...
Posterior division of the obturator nerve travels posterior to...
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Adductor magnus origin
Adductor magnus origin
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Muscle most commonly involved in groin injuries
Muscle most commonly involved in groin injuries
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Study Notes
Gluteal Muscles
- Gluteus maximus: origin - gluteal surface of ilium, lumbar fascia, and sacrum; insertion - gluteal tuberosity of femur
- Gluteus medius: origin - gluteal surface of ilium; insertion - greater trochanter of femur
- Gluteus minimus: origin - gluteal surface of ilium; insertion - greater trochanter of femur
- Piriformis: origin - sacrum and gluteal surface of ilium; insertion - superior border of greater trochanter of femur
- Superior gemellus: origin - ischial spine; insertion - medial border of greater trochanter of femur
- Obturator internus: origin - internal surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone; insertion - medial border of greater trochanter of femur
- Inferior gemellus: origin - ischial tuberosity; insertion - medial border of greater trochanter of femur
Actions of Gluteal Muscles
- Gluteus maximus: extends and laterally rotates the thigh
- Gluteus medius: abducts and medially rotates the thigh
- Gluteus minimus: abducts and medially rotates the thigh
- Piriformis: laterally rotates the thigh
- Superior gemellus, obturator internus, and inferior gemellus: adduct and laterally rotate the thigh
Deep Gluteal Muscles
- Superior gemellus, obturator internus, and inferior gemellus: known as the triceps coxae
- Origin: superior gemellus - ischial spine; obturator internus - internal surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone; inferior gemellus - ischial tuberosity
- Insertion: superior gemellus, obturator internus, and inferior gemellus - medial border of greater trochanter of femur
Innervation
- Gluteus maximus: innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve
- Gluteus medius and gluteus minimus: innervated by the superior gluteal nerve
- Piriformis: innervated by the nerve to piriformis
Functional Importance
- Gluteus medius and minimus: steady the pelvis when the contralateral leg is off the ground
- A positive Trendelenburg test displays weak gluteus medius and minimus
Other Muscles and Structures
- Anterior thigh muscle (Flexor of the thigh/hip joint): iliopsoas muscle; origin - lumbar vertebrae and iliac fossa
- Anterior thigh muscle (Extensor of the leg and knee joint): quadriceps muscle; origin - femur and tibia
- Muscle exiting through the greater trochanter: piriformis
- Muscle exiting through the lesser sciatic foramen: tendon of obturator internus
- Nerve compressed in Piriformis syndrome: sciatic nerve
- Pudendal nerve: exits through the lesser sciatic foramen to reenter through the greater sciatic foramen
Blood Supply
- Superior gluteal artery: part of the trochanteric anastomosis
- Medial circumflex branch of profunda: posterior to the femur
- Lateral circumflex branch of profunda: deep to rectus femoris
- Profunda femoris artery: lies in the posterolateral surface of the femoral artery
- Termination of profunda femoris: terminates around the level of the femoral shaft
- Perforating arteries of the profunda: supply the surrounding muscles and fascia
Adductor Canal
- Anterior obturator branch travels deep to: adductor longus and brevis muscles
- Muscle not innervated by the anterior branch of the obturator nerve: gracilis
- Posterior division of the obturator nerve travels posterior to: adductor magnus muscle
- Muscle not innervated by the posterior branch of the obturator nerve: pectineus
Other
- Medial thigh muscle: adductor magnus; origin - ischial tuberosity and inferior pubic ramus
- Muscle most commonly involved in groin injuries: adductor longus
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