Genome Editing & Transcription Mechanisms
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of 'molecular scissors' in genome editing?

  • To stimulate DNA repair mechanisms
  • To introduce desirable DNA modifications
  • To create double-stranded breaks at specific sites in the genome (correct)
  • To delete or insert nucleotides

    • What is the difference between Non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and Homology directed repair (HDR)?

  • NHEJ causes gene mutation, while HDR repairs DNA
  • NHEJ introduces template, while HDR does not
  • NHEJ is error-prone, while HDR is precise (correct)
  • NHEJ requires a template, while HDR does not

    • What is the function of the FokI enzyme in Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs)?

  • RNA-binding
  • DNA-binding
  • DNA-repair
  • DNA-cleaving (correct)

    • What is the year Clustered regularly-interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas9) was developed?

    <p>2012</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the insertion or deletion of nucleotides causing gene mutation?

    <p>Indel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many zinc finger proteins are linked together to create a specific binding site in the genome?

    <p>4-6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the protein that is injected into the cell to bind DNA after transcription in the TALEN genome editing technique?

    <p>TALE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the genome editing technique that uses a DNA-binding domain and a DNA-cleaving enzyme?

    <p>ZFNs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year were Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) first developed?

    <p>2010</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the genome editing technique that uses a Cas9 nuclease to make a double-stranded break in the genome?

    <p>CRISPR/Cas9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many amino acid modules are required for the Foki nuclease?

    <p>34</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the first identified CRISPR system?

    <p>CRISPRs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the 5´ and 3´ repeats in crRNAs?

    <p>To interact with Cascade subunits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Cascade complex in CRISPR mechanism?

    <p>To process the pre-crRNA into short RNA pieces (crRNAs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Cas9 in CRISPR mechanism?

    <p>To cleave invading foreign DNA with the help of crRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the CRISPR-Cas9 system exploit RNA-DNA interaction?

    <p>Through RNA-DNA base pairing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of CRISPR-Cas9 system over ZFNs/TALENs?

    <p>It targets multiple genomic loci simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the application of CRISPR-Cas9 system in gene therapy?

    <p>To introduce beneficial mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genetic disorder that can be treated using CRISPR-Cas9 system?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle behind CRISPR-Cas9 system for genome editing?

    <p>RNA-DNA base pairing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of guide RNA (gRNA) in CRISPR-Cas9 system?

    <p>To interact with DNA and complex with Cas9 nuclease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the CRISPR-Cas9 system differ from traditional gene editing techniques?

    <p>It targets multiple genomic loci simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

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