Genome Editing
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Questions and Answers

Which method is used to deliver mRNA vaccines?

  • Random insertion of viral vectors
  • Using lipid nanoparticles with PEG (correct)
  • Traditional method of making recombinant gene
  • Site-directed mutagenesis

What is the limitation of mRNA vaccines?

  • They have a short shelf life
  • They are difficult to produce
  • They require low temperature storage (correct)
  • They have limited efficacy

Which of the following is a limitation of RNA interference (RNAi)?

  • RNAi can alter DNA sequences
  • RNAi can only target mRNA (correct)
  • RNAi can be used to treat all diseases
  • RNAi can permanently silence genes

What is the role of Argonaute in RNA interference (RNAi)?

<p>Argonaute cleaves and degrades mRNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of small non-coding RNA is specific to the germline?

<p>PIWI-interacting RNAs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) in genome editing?

<p>ZFNs make a nonspecific double-strand break (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key component of the CRISPR-Cas9 system?

<p>Cas9 endonuclease and a small RNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the PAM sequence in the CRISPR-Cas9 system?

<p>To help Cas9 recognize and cleave the target DNA region (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are knockout organisms created using genome editing techniques?

<p>By rendering a gene of interest non-functional (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of injecting embryos with mRNA encoding TALENs in the knockout mice experiment?

<p>To create knockout mice with mutations in specific genes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of genome editing uses zinc finger nucleases to target unique DNA sequences?

<p>Zinc finger nucleases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which repair mechanism is used by cells to fix double-strand breaks made to DNA during genome editing?

<p>Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which genome editing method uses components of a prokaryotic immune system to target almost any desired genetic sequence?

<p>CRISPR-Cas9 system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) in genome editing using CRISPR?

<p>To identify the 3' end of the genomic location to be edited (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about CRISPR-Cas9 technology?

<p>It is commonly used in the laboratory to remove DNA and insert a new DNA sequence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the guide RNA in CRISPR-Cas9 technology?

<p>It identifies the target DNA sequence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one possible application of the CRISPR-Cas9 system?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some ethical and safety considerations associated with the use of CRISPR-Cas9 technology?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to deliver mRNA vaccines?

<p>Lipid nanoparticles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) in genome editing?

<p>To target specific DNA sequences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one possible application of the CRISPR-Cas9 system?

<p>Studying genetic diseases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organism was the CRISPR-Cas9 system first observed in?

<p>Bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does CRISPR stand for?

<p>Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Cas9 endonuclease in the CRISPR-Cas9 system?

<p>To recognize and cleave the target DNA region (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential application of genome editing techniques?

<p>Curing genetic disorders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme cleaves double-stranded RNA into approximately 20-25 nucleotide-long siRNA?

<p>Dicer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Argonaute in RNA interference (RNAi)?

<p>It cleaves and degrades mRNA, preventing translation into protein (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of synthetic siRNAs in gene function analysis?

<p>To silence complementary gene sequences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the limitation of RNA interference (RNAi) as a gene silencing technique?

<p>It only targets mRNA, allowing continuous transcription of the DNA sequence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the CRISPR-Cas9 system?

<p>It is a DNA editing tool that stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and CRISPR associated protein 9. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a possible application of the CRISPR-Cas9 system?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the guide RNA in CRISPR-Cas9 technology?

<p>To identify the target DNA sequence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some ethical and safety considerations associated with the use of CRISPR-Cas9 technology?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which repair mechanism is used by cells to fix double-strand breaks made to DNA during genome editing?

<p>Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) in genome editing using CRISPR?

<p>It helps guide the Cas9 enzyme to the target DNA sequence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one possible application of the CRISPR-Cas9 system?

<p>Creating targeted genetic changes in mammalian cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which genome editing method uses components of a prokaryotic immune system to target almost any desired genetic sequence?

<p>CRISPR-Cas9 system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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