Functional Groups and Analysis Techniques

What is the characteristic peak range for the alcohol group (-OH)?

Which functional group has a characteristic peak in the range of 1680 - 1750 cm-1?

What does the fingerprint region in an IR spectrum indicate?

How does the release of CFCs affect global warming?

What is the peak range for the unsaturated group (C=C)?

What color change indicates the presence of primary or secondary alcohols when tested with acidified potassium dichromate?

Which reagent forms a silver mirror when an aldehyde is present during testing?

What observation confirms the presence of an alkene when using bromine water?

What indicates the presence of a carboxylic acid during a reaction with sodium carbonate?

Which statement about tertiary alcohols is true regarding potassium dichromate testing?

What distinguishes high resolution mass spectrometry from traditional mass spectrometry?

In infrared spectroscopy, varying levels of absorbance of IR radiation are used to identify which of the following?

What color change is observed in Fehling's solution when an aldehyde is present?

Testing for Functional Groups

Alcohols can be identified using acidified potassium dichromate - It turns from orange to green when reacted with 1° and 2° alcohols
Aldehydes can be identified using Tollen's reagent - forms a silver mirror when warmed with an aldehyde
Aldehydes can also be identified using Fehling's solution - forms a brick red precipitate when heated with an aldehyde
Alkenes can be identified using bromine water - turns from orange-brown to colourless when reacted with an alkene
Carboxylic acids react with sodium carbonate to produce carbon dioxide gas - CO₂ can be identified by bubbling it through limewater, which will turn cloudy

Mass Spectrometry

Used to identify compounds and determine molecular formulas
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry is more sensitive and can determine the molecular mass to several decimal places

Infrared Spectroscopy

Uses infrared radiation to determine functional groups present in organic compounds
Different types of bonds absorb IR radiation in different amounts
These varying amounts of absorbance are measured and recorded, allowing identification of certain bonds and functional groups
Characteristic peaks in the IR spectrum correspond to specific functional groups:
- OH (alcohol group) - 3230 - 3550 cm^-1
- OH (acid group) - 2500 - 3000 cm^-1
- C=C (unsaturated group) - 1620 - 1680 cm^-1
- C=O (carbonyl group) - 1680 - 1750 cm^-1
The fingerprint region of the IR spectrum contains tiny differences that allow for identification of specific molecules
Global Warming - Infrared absorption by atmospheric molecules like ozone traps heat within the Earth's atmosphere
CFCs released into the atmosphere enhance this heating effect, contributing to global warming.

This quiz tests your knowledge on identifying various functional groups and the analytical techniques used in chemistry. Topics include methods for detecting alcohols, aldehydes, alkenes, and more, along with mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy principles.