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Questions and Answers
What is the primary goal of food preservation?
What is the primary goal of food preservation?
Which of the following best describes food processing?
Which of the following best describes food processing?
Why is the quality of raw materials important in food processing?
Why is the quality of raw materials important in food processing?
What aspect of food preservation allows food to be accessible year-round?
What aspect of food preservation allows food to be accessible year-round?
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Which of the following is NOT a method of food preservation?
Which of the following is NOT a method of food preservation?
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Which of the following methods uses UV lamps for sterilization?
Which of the following methods uses UV lamps for sterilization?
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What is the primary purpose of blanching in food preservation?
What is the primary purpose of blanching in food preservation?
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Which of the following foods is classified as high risk due to the preference of bacteria?
Which of the following foods is classified as high risk due to the preference of bacteria?
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What factor can speed up the decomposition of food?
What factor can speed up the decomposition of food?
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Which preservation method is commonly used for fatty foods to prevent oxidation?
Which preservation method is commonly used for fatty foods to prevent oxidation?
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Which historical preservation method is NOT mentioned as being primitive and tedious?
Which historical preservation method is NOT mentioned as being primitive and tedious?
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What is a disadvantage of the drying preservation method?
What is a disadvantage of the drying preservation method?
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What does the process of salting primarily preserve?
What does the process of salting primarily preserve?
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What is one method used to preserve food by hindering the activity of microorganisms?
What is one method used to preserve food by hindering the activity of microorganisms?
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Which of the following methods does NOT involve physically removing microorganisms?
Which of the following methods does NOT involve physically removing microorganisms?
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Which of the following is a benefit of refrigeration in food preservation?
Which of the following is a benefit of refrigeration in food preservation?
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Which anaerobic condition is commonly used to prevent the growth of aerobes in food preservation?
Which anaerobic condition is commonly used to prevent the growth of aerobes in food preservation?
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What is the purpose of adding sugar or salt when preserving food?
What is the purpose of adding sugar or salt when preserving food?
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Which of the following antioxidants are used to prevent rancidity in oils?
Which of the following antioxidants are used to prevent rancidity in oils?
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What is one advantage of using drying as a preservation method?
What is one advantage of using drying as a preservation method?
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Which organism's spores must be carefully managed during food preservation to avoid risks in canned products?
Which organism's spores must be carefully managed during food preservation to avoid risks in canned products?
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What is one of the main objectives of food processing?
What is one of the main objectives of food processing?
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Which principle of food preservation involves preventing or delaying microbial decomposition?
Which principle of food preservation involves preventing or delaying microbial decomposition?
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How does food preservation impact food supply?
How does food preservation impact food supply?
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What is a method used to remove microorganisms from food?
What is a method used to remove microorganisms from food?
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What is 'asepsis' in the context of food preservation?
What is 'asepsis' in the context of food preservation?
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Which of the following is NOT an advantage of food processing?
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of food processing?
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What action can minimize the damage to food from insects and rodents?
What action can minimize the damage to food from insects and rodents?
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Which factor primarily contributes to achieving better food digestibility?
Which factor primarily contributes to achieving better food digestibility?
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What is the primary purpose of sugaring in food preservation?
What is the primary purpose of sugaring in food preservation?
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Which of the following methods is considered the oldest form of food preservation?
Which of the following methods is considered the oldest form of food preservation?
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What is a common consequence of refrigeration for certain fruits like bananas?
What is a common consequence of refrigeration for certain fruits like bananas?
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What is the recommended temperature setting for refrigerators to prevent spoilage?
What is the recommended temperature setting for refrigerators to prevent spoilage?
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What essential function does heating (canning) serve in food preservation?
What essential function does heating (canning) serve in food preservation?
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Why do root cellars used to be important in food preservation?
Why do root cellars used to be important in food preservation?
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What is the 'Danger Zone' concerning bacteria growth?
What is the 'Danger Zone' concerning bacteria growth?
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What percentage of food is currently preserved through refrigeration?
What percentage of food is currently preserved through refrigeration?
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Study Notes
Food Preservation Techniques
- Irradiation employs UV lamps and radiations (α, ß, Ƴ) for sterilization and preservation.
- Commonly used for sterilizing equipment in bakeries and extending the shelf life of vegetables, fruits, and seafood by killing microorganisms.
Enzyme Inactivation
- Destruction or inactivation of food enzymes (e.g., phenolase) is crucial for preservation.
- Blanching is a method that heats food to inactivate enzymes, preventing spoilage and maintaining quality.
- Techniques include low temperatures, chemical preservatives, and drying processes.
Antioxidants
- Antioxidants prevent oxidative reactions by depriving food of oxygen.
- These compounds are essential for preserving fatty foods like butter and margarine to prevent rancidity.
Microbial Control
- High-risk foods rich in protein (e.g., meat, fish, dairy) are prone to bacterial contamination.
- Historical preservation methods include drying, salting, sugaring, pickling, and cold storage.
- Drying removes moisture from foods, typically used in warmer climates, but may lead to vitamin loss.
Salting and Sugaring
- Salting is used for meats and fish but is costly; it effectively removes microorganisms.
- Sugaring preserves fruits in jams and jellies, historically used for winter supplies.
Filtration and Microorganism Removal
- The use of "bacteria-proof" filters and centrifugation helps remove microorganisms from liquids.
- Proper washing and trimming of foods also contribute to reducing microbial load.
Temperature Control
- Low temperatures prolong the lag phase of microorganisms, preventing growth during refrigeration.
- Refrigerators should be set below 4°C to inhibit microbial activity and slow respiration rates of perishable foods.
Anaerobic Conditions
- Canned foods maintain anaerobic conditions which hinder aerobic bacteria growth, protecting contents from spoilage.
- Canned goods must address anaerobic contaminants like Clostridium botulinum.
Chemical Preservatives
- Various preservatives like sodium benzoate, potassium metabisulphite, and sorbic acid help inhibit microbial growth.
- Antioxidants such as BHA and BHT maintain flavor in edible oils.
Heat Treatment
- High-temperature exposure effectively kills most microorganisms, an essential component of food preservation.
- Canning involves sealing food in jars after cooking at high temperatures to create a vacuum seal.
Principles of Food Preservation
- Preservation methods focus on preventing or delaying microbial decomposition, self-decomposition, and physical damage from pests or mechanical causes.
- Successful preservation enhances safety, shelf life, and food quality while retaining nutrients, flavor, and texture.
Importance of Food Processing
- Food processing transforms raw materials into marketable products, ensuring quality and extending usability.
- Proper preservation techniques maximize food supply and variety while mitigating waste and spoilage.
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Description
Test your knowledge on various food preservation methods such as irradiation, enzyme inactivation, and the role of antioxidants. This quiz covers essential techniques used to extend the shelf life of food products and discusses microbial control measures. Enhance your understanding of how to keep food safe and fresh!
