Questions and Answers
What is one of the factors that determines how much fluid should be given?
Patient size
Why might an animal in shock due to blood loss require fluids to be replaced quickly?
Because it is experiencing severe fluid loss and shock
What is an important consideration when determining the rate of fluid therapy?
How severe the original fluid loss was and how fast it occurred
Which of the following is NOT a factor in determining the rate of fluid administration?
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How does the rate of fluid administration differ between an animal in shock and one with mild dehydration?
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What is the primary goal of monitoring fluid therapy?
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What is a key factor in determining the rate of fluid replacement?
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Why is it essential to adjust the fluid therapy plan as necessary?
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What is a potential consequence of not monitoring fluid therapy?
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What is a key difference between an animal in shock and one with mild dehydration?
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What are the key factors that influence the rate of fluid administration?
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Why is it crucial to monitor fluid therapy?
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What should be done based on the patient's response to fluid therapy?
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Why does an animal in shock due to blood loss require fluids to be replaced more quickly?
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What is the main purpose of adjusting the fluid therapy plan?
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What is included in the assessment of a patient receiving IV fluid therapy?
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What should be checked during the assessment of a patient's clinical signs?
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What is a potential issue with the catheter that should be checked during IV fluid therapy?
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What should be checked during the assessment of the fluid line and pump?
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Why is regular assessment of the patient and equipment necessary during IV fluid therapy?
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What is a primary focus of monitoring IV fluid therapy?
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What is a normal urine output for a patient receiving IV fluid therapy?
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What is a potential issue with the catheter that should be checked during IV fluid therapy?
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What is included in the physical examination findings of a patient receiving IV fluid therapy?
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What is the normal fluid rate for a patient receiving IV fluid therapy?
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What is the primary purpose of checking the patient's demeanour and attitude during IV fluid therapy?
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What is the normal fluid rate for a patient receiving IV fluid therapy, in terms of milliliters per kilogram per hour?
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What is an important aspect of assessing the equipment during IV fluid therapy?
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What is a potential issue with the fluid line and pump that should be checked during IV fluid therapy?
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What is a key indicator of dehydration in a patient receiving IV fluid therapy?
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Study Notes
Factors Affecting Fluid Therapy
- Amount and rate of fluid administration dependent on patient size
- Reason for fluid therapy is a crucial consideration
- Severity and rapidity of original fluid loss influence fluid replacement rate
Fluid Replacement Rate
- Animals in shock due to blood loss require rapid fluid replacement
- Mild dehydration cases require slower fluid replacement rate
Fluid Therapy Factors
- Fluid amount and rate depend on: patient size, reason for fluid therapy, severity and speed of original fluid loss
- Example: animal in shock due to blood loss requires faster fluid replacement than mildly dehydrated animal
Monitoring Fluid Therapy
- Importance: ensure goal achievement, identify problems, and adjust fluid therapy plan as necessary based on patient response
- Monitoring ensures goals are being achieved
- Monitoring helps identify problems resulting from fluid therapy
- Monitoring informs adjustments to fluid therapy plan
Fluid Therapy Factors
- Fluid amount and rate depend on: patient size, reason for fluid therapy, severity and speed of original fluid loss
- Example: animal in shock due to blood loss requires faster fluid replacement than mildly dehydrated animal
Monitoring Fluid Therapy
- Importance: ensure goal achievement, identify problems, and adjust fluid therapy plan as necessary based on patient response
- Monitoring ensures goals are being achieved
- Monitoring helps identify problems resulting from fluid therapy
- Monitoring informs adjustments to fluid therapy plan
Monitoring IV Fluid Therapy
- Regularly assess the patient and equipment to ensure effective IV fluid therapy
Patient Assessment
- Monitor clinical signs, including:
- TPR (Temperature, Pulse, and Respiration)
- Attitude
- Urine output
Equipment Assessment
- Check the catheter for:
- Patient interference
- Disconnection
- Extra-vascularisation
- Inspect the fluid line and pump for:
- Occlusions
- Incorrect programming
Monitoring IV Fluid Therapy
- Regularly assess the patient and equipment to ensure proper IV fluid therapy.
Patient Assessment
- Check clinical signs:
- TPR (temperature, pulse, and respiration)
- Attitude and demeanour
- Urine output (normal: 1-2 ml/kg/hr)
- Perform physical examination:
- MMs (muscle mass)
- CRT (capillary refill time)
- Chest sounds
- Bodyweight
- Check blood work and urinalysis for signs of dehydration
- Monitor blood pressure
Equipment Assessment
- Check the fluid pump:
- Ensure correct programming
- Monitor for occlusions and incorrect programming (normal: 1-2 ml/kg/hr, on fluids: 2-5 ml/kg/hr)
- Inspect the IV catheter and line:
- Patency and site
- Bandage condition
- Clamp and dial settings
- Check for kinked lines
Estimated Percentage Dehydration
- Physical examination findings:
- History of fluid loss with no physical examination findings
- Marked loss of skin turgor, dry oral mucous membranes, and significant signs of shock
Monitoring IV Fluid Therapy
- Regularly assess the patient and equipment to ensure proper IV fluid therapy.
Patient Assessment
- Check clinical signs:
- TPR (temperature, pulse, and respiration)
- Attitude and demeanour
- Urine output (normal: 1-2 ml/kg/hr)
- Perform physical examination:
- MMs (muscle mass)
- CRT (capillary refill time)
- Chest sounds
- Bodyweight
- Check blood work and urinalysis for signs of dehydration
- Monitor blood pressure
Equipment Assessment
- Check the fluid pump:
- Ensure correct programming
- Monitor for occlusions and incorrect programming (normal: 1-2 ml/kg/hr, on fluids: 2-5 ml/kg/hr)
- Inspect the IV catheter and line:
- Patency and site
- Bandage condition
- Clamp and dial settings
- Check for kinked lines
Estimated Percentage Dehydration
- Physical examination findings:
- History of fluid loss with no physical examination findings
- Marked loss of skin turgor, dry oral mucous membranes, and significant signs of shock
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