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Which type of fluid is considered the most commonly used fluid group in small animal medicine for treating hypovolaemia, dehydration, and replacing ongoing losses?

Artificial colloids

Hypertonic crystalloids

Isotonic crystalloids (correct)

Hypotonic crystalloids

What is the primary indication for using hypertonic crystalloids such as 7.2% saline?

Treating dehydration

Rapidly increasing intravascular volume (correct)

Correcting electrolyte imbalances

Replacing ongoing fluid losses

What is the primary difference between synthetic colloids and crystalloids?

Crystalloids are more effective at maintaining volume.

Colloids are more versatile and can be used for various indications.

Crystalloids have larger molecules that increase oncotic pressure.

Colloids equilibrate with interstitial fluid. (correct)

Which type of fluid is derived from amylopectin and contains hydroxyethyl molecules to prevent intravascular hydrolysis?

Hydroxyethyl starches Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of fluid therapy in the treatment of hypovolaemic shock?

Rapidly replacing intravascular volume Signup and view all the answers

Which route is required for administering fluids rapidly in the treatment of hypovolaemic shock?

Intravenous or intraosseous Signup and view all the answers

What is the main contraindication for starting aggressive fluid therapy in cases of hypovolaemic shock?

Cardiac disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consideration for adjusting fluid therapy rates and volumes in cats compared to dogs?

Cats have a smaller fluid volume and tolerate volume overload poorly Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using hypertonic saline in patients with concurrent hemorrhage within an enclosed space, such as intracranial hemorrhage?

It reduces the need for isotonic crystalloids. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fluid is commonly used to treat hypovolaemia, dehydration, and to replace ongoing losses, with the main advantage of equilibrating with interstitial fluid?

Isotonic crystalloids Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of hypertonic crystalloids in fluid therapy?

To expand intravascular volume temporarily Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fluid is commonly referred to as "maintenance crystalloids" and provides the body's water requirement but not ongoing electrolyte requirements?

Hypotonic crystalloids Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of synthetic colloids in fluid therapy?

To increase the oncotic pressure of plasma and maintain volume Signup and view all the answers

What type of crystalloid solution is often preferred for fluid resuscitation of hypovolaemic animals due to its balanced composition?

Ringer's solution Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal or end-point of resuscitation in the treatment of hypovolaemic shock?

Achieving normal perfusion parameters Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary contraindication for aggressive fluid therapy in hypovolaemic shock?

Cardiac disease Signup and view all the answers

When might a combination of crystalloid and colloid be used in fluid resuscitation?

When rapid volume expansion is needed with a longer duration Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using hypertonic saline in resuscitation?

It rapidly expands intravascular volume with small volumes. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of crystalloid solution is typically preferred when there is a risk of hypercalcaemia or hyperkalaemia?

0.9% saline Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of using hypertonic saline in patients with a head injury at risk of intracranial pressure increases?

It rapidly expands intravascular volume. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of crystalloid solution is often used as a balanced buffered isotonic replacement crystalloid and is preferred in small animal medicine?

Ringer's solution Signup and view all the answers

What should be monitored closely during fluid therapy for hypovolaemic shock to assess the effectiveness of treatment?

Perfusion parameters and lactate levels Signup and view all the answers

In the treatment of hypovolaemic shock, which type of fluid is commonly used for initial rapid volume expansion?

Isotonic crystalloids Signup and view all the answers

When should fluid therapy for hypovolaemic shock be adapted during treatment?

If clinical signs of shock worsen Signup and view all the answers

In cases of anuric renal failure, what is the primary purpose of fluid therapy?

To confirm the diagnosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common type of artificial colloid?

isototonic crystalloids Signup and view all the answers

How is the duration of the effect of artificial colloids in maintaining volume related to molecule size?

Larger molecules have a longer duration of effect. Signup and view all the answers