10 Questions
Match the following natural fibres with their respective sources:
Wool = Animal Silk = Animal Cotton = Plant Jute = Plant
Match the following synthetic fibres with their names:
Nylon = Polymer Polyester = Polymer Rayon = Regenerated cellulose Acrylic = Polymer
Match the following processes with the fibres they are associated with:
Ginning = Cotton Retting = Jute Spinning = Converting fibres to yarn Weaving = Yarn to fabric
Match the following states in India with their main cotton cultivating regions:
Maharashtra = Cotton cultivation Gujarat = Cotton cultivation Punjab = Cotton cultivation Assam = Jute cultivation
Match the following uses of coconut fibre products with their descriptions:
Ropes = Commonly called coir Mats = Made from outer covering of coconut trunk and fruit Wall hangings = Used for packing and storing grains Gunny bags = Obtained from retting jute fibres
Match the following tools with their use in fabric making:
Hand spindle (takli) = Spinning yarn Charkha = Spinning yarn Looms = Weaving fabric Sewing needle = Stitching fabrics
Match the following processes with their description:
Weaving = Arranging sets of yarns to make fabric Knitting = Using a single yarn to create fabric Spinning = Process of creating yarn from fibers Stitching = Joining fabrics together using a needle
Match the following materials with the early clothing usage:
Barks of trees = Covering oneself Animal skins and furs = Covering oneself Twigs and grass = Weaving mats and baskets Cotton near river Ganga = Fabric for clothing
Match the following historical developments with their impact on clothing making:
Invention of sewing needle = Introduction of stitching fabrics Agriculture era = Weaving natural products into fabrics Introduction of looms = Mechanized weaving process Discovery of animal fleece and hair use = Making fabrics from natural sources
Match the following ancient practices with their clothing traditions:
Draping fabrics around bodies = Absence of stitching knowledge Wearing clothes based on social customs and religion = Clothing choices influenced by factors other than climate Utilizing natural products like vines for fabric making = Early fabric sources before agriculture era Wearing cotton fabrics from the river Ganga = Earliest known fabric source in India
Study Notes
Natural Fibres
- Obtained from animals and plants
- Examples: Wool, Silk, Cotton, Jute, Coir
Animal Fibres
- Examples: Wool, Silk
- Obtained from animals
Plant Fibres
- Examples: Cotton, Jute, Coir
- Obtained from plants
Cotton
- Obtained from cotton balls (fruits of cotton plant)
- Fibres are separated from seeds by ginning process
- Ginning can be done by hand (using steel combs) or by machines
- Mainly cultivated in states of Maharashtra, Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Andhra Pradesh in India
Jute
- Plants are usually cut at the flowering stage
- Mainly grown in West Bengal, Bihar, and Assam
- Stems are immersed in water for a few days to rot, then fibres are separated by hand (retting process)
- Used to make ropes, wall hangings, and gunny bags to pack and store grains
Coconut Fibre
- Obtained from the outer covering of the coconut trunk and fruit
- Commonly called coir
- Used to make ropes and mats
Fibres to Yarn
- Fibres are first converted into yarns to make fabrics
- Process of making yarn from fibres is called spinning
- Hand spindle (or takli) and charkha are used for spinning
Yarn to Fabric
- Fabrics are made of yarns by two important processes: weaving and knitting
- Weaving is the process of arranging sets of yarns together to make a fabric
- Weaving is done on looms
- Knitting is the process of using a single yarn to make a piece of fabric
- Knitting is done by hand and also by machines
History of Clothing Material
- In ancient times, people used barks of trees, animal skins, and fur to cover themselves
- After people started agriculture, they learned to weave twigs and grass into mats and baskets
- They made fabrics from natural products like vines and animal fleece or hair
- Early Indians wore fabrics made from cotton that grew near the river Ganga
- In those days, people just draped fabrics around their bodies as stitching was not yet known
- With the invention of the sewing needle, people stitched fabrics to make clothes depending on their social customs, religion, climate, etc.
Test your knowledge on fibres used in textiles, including natural fibres obtained from animals and plants, and synthetic fibres produced in factories like Nylon, Polyester, and Rayon. Learn about animal fibres such as Wool and Silk, and plant fibres like Cotton, Jute, and Coir.
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