Embryology: Development of the Umbilical Cord

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Questions and Answers

What does the phrase 'سبحانك ال علم لنا إال ما علمتنا' imply about human knowledge?

Knowledge is limited to what is taught by the divine. (correct)

All knowledge is inherently flawed.

Human knowledge is absolute and complete.

Human reasoning surpasses divine wisdom.

In which context is the term 'العليم الحكيم' used in the verse?

To emphasize human intellect over divine authority.

To refer to the physical knowledge of the universe.

To highlight the importance of scientific inquiry.

To depict God's infinite wisdom and knowledge. (correct)

Which of the following best describes the relationship between divine knowledge and human knowledge as per the verse?

Human knowledge can completely comprehend divine wisdom.

Human knowledge is a fragment of divine knowledge. (correct)

Human knowledge and divine knowledge do not coexist.

Divine knowledge is irrelevant to human understanding.

What is the implication of saying 'إنك أنت العليم الحكيم'?

It attributes knowledge and wisdom exclusively to God. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary theme conveyed through the verse from Surah Al-Baqarah?

The dependence of humans on divine guidance for knowledge. Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of the allantois?

It becomes part of the urachus. Signup and view all the answers

What does the allantois develop into later in life?

Median umbilical ligament. Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is directly linked to the hind gut?

Allantois. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the allantois?

It degenerates over time. Signup and view all the answers

What type of blood vessels form from the vitelline structures?

Superior mesenteric artery. Signup and view all the answers

What structures make up the definitive umbilical cord?

Covering, vessels, Wharton's jelly, and remnants Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is responsible for the nutrition of the embryo?

Two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is NOT part of the umbilical cord structure?

Chorionic membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Wharton's jelly in the umbilical cord?

Provides structural support Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true regarding the umbilical blood vessels?

They include two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the placenta completely covering the internal os?

PP centralis Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of PP centralis during labor?

Ante-partum hemorrhage Signup and view all the answers

How might PP centralis affect fetal positioning?

It may cause malposition of the fetus. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a complication associated with PP centralis?

Increased uterine contractions Signup and view all the answers

What defines the condition of placenta previa?

The placenta is attached to the lower uterine segment. Signup and view all the answers

What structure does the allantois form during development?

Median umbilical ligament Signup and view all the answers

Which artery is formed from the vitelline arteries?

Superior mesenteric artery Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the yolk stalk during embryonic development?

It completely disappears Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic change that occurs in the right vein during early embryonic development?

It degenerates early Signup and view all the answers

What occurs to the extra-embryonic coelom during development?

It completely disappears Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Fate of Allantois

The allantois begins as a small diverticulum connected to the hindgut.
It transitions into the urachus and eventually the median umbilical ligament.
The primary mesoderm surrounding the allantois forms the umbilical blood vessels.

Definitive Umbilical Cord

The umbilical cord is made up of an amniotic membrane covering.
It contains:
- Two umbilical arteries
- One umbilical vein
- Mucoid connective tissue (Wharton's jelly)
- Two remnants: the yolk stalk and extraembryonic celom
These components together form the definitive umbilical cord.

Umbilical Vessels

The two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein are responsible for delivering nutrients to the developing embryo.
The right umbilical vein degenerates early.
The left umbilical vein remains and forms the ligamentum teres.

Development of the Umbilical Cord

The allantois contributes to the formation of the median umbilical ligament.
The yolk stalk disappears.
The extraembryonic celom disappears.
The vitelline arteries develop into the superior mesenteric artery.

Placenta Praevia Centralis (PP centralis)

The placenta completely covers the internal os (opening of the cervix).
This situation can lead to antepartum hemorrhage (bleeding before labor).
It can also contribute to malposition of the fetus.

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Description

Explore the fascinating journey of the umbilical cord's development, including the role of the allantois, umbilical vessels, and key structures involved. This quiz covers the anatomical features and functions critical for the nourishment of the embryo. Test your knowledge on how these components contribute to embryonic development.