41 Questions
At what week does the respiratory diverticulum start to develop?
4th week
What is the result of non-separation of the trachea and the esophagus?
Tracheoesophageal fistula
What gives rise to the dorsal mesogastrium?
Dorsal mesentery
How many main arterial trunks arise from the dorsal aorta?
3
What is the innervation of the proximal 2/3 of the esophagus?
Vagus nerve
At what week does the diaphragm start to develop?
5th week
What is the muscular coat of the esophagus formed by?
Splanchnic mesenchyme
What gives rise to the mesentery proper?
Dorsal mesentery
What is the main function of the mesenteries in the embryo?
To suspend the formed tubular structures from the posterior wall of the embryo
What is the derivative of the septum transversum in the adult?
Central tendon of the diaphragm
Which part of the foregut has a ventral mesentery?
Only the foregut
What is the result of the liver's rapid enlargement during the 5th week?
The division of the ventral mesentery into two parts
What contains the hepatic portal triad at the free margin?
Hepatoduodenal ligament
What is the name of the ligament that contains the umbilical vein at the free margin?
Falciform ligament
During which week does the diaphragm start forming?
5th-6th week
How many main arterial trunks does the developing abdominal aorta give off?
3
What was the cause of the rupture of the duodenum in the mentioned case?
Compression of air inside the duodenum due to the seatbelt
What is the point at which the common bile duct enters the 2nd part of the duodenum known as?
Periampullary Region
What is the name of the structure where the common bile duct and main pancreatic duct open?
Ampulla of Vater
Why is it difficult to repair a rupture in the duodenum?
Because it's a delicate structure
What is the major concern when it comes to periampullary masses?
Capillary obstruction
What is the procedure for treating a tumor in the periampullary region?
Transecting the entire duodenum
Why can't tumors in the periampullary region expand much?
Because of the retroperitoneal reflection
How is bowel continuity maintained after the procedure?
By attaching a loop of jejunum to the stomach and the distal part of the pancreas to the jejunum
What passes over the IVC and aorta at the level of L3?
The 3rd/horizontal part
What is the origin of the superior mesenteric vessels?
The gap of the uncinate process of the pancreas
What is located posterior to the 3rd/horizontal part?
The right psoas major muscle and the right gonadal vessels
What is the characteristic of the plicae circulares in the jejunum?
Taller, widely spaced, and thicker
What is the characteristic of the plicae circulares in the distal ileum?
Hardly seen
What is the region where the pancreas is located?
Periampullary Region
What is the origin of the direct branches from the aorta?
The aorta itself
What is the anatomical structure that lies superior to the 3rd/horizontal part?
The head and uncinate process of the pancreas
What is the main function of the ileocecal valve?
To prevent the retrograde flow of fecal material from the cecum into the ileum
What is the name of the artery that supplies the ileocecal region?
Ileocolic artery
What is the function of the teniae coli?
To provide a site for muscle attachment
What is the name of the fold of mucous membrane that projects around the orifice of the ileum?
Ileocecal fold
What is the name of the muscle that forms the sphincter mechanism of the invaginated ileum?
All of the above
What happens when there is an obstruction in the colon distal to the ileocecal sphincter?
Fecal material flows back into the ileum
What is the name of the region where the ileum drains into the cecum?
Ileocecal region
What is the function of the longitudinal smooth muscle of the teniae coli?
To provide a site for muscle attachment
What is the name of the figure that shows the labial form of the ileocecal sphincter?
Figure 37
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