Drug Development and Safety Testing
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Questions and Answers

What does AZA accreditation ensure for zoos?

  • Compliance with state licensing requirements
  • Annual welfare assessments for every animal (correct)
  • Unrestricted access to controlled substances
  • A focus on wildlife rehabilitation
  • What is a requirement for maintaining ZAA accreditation?

  • Adherence to AVMA Guidelines for Euthanasia
  • Biannual welfare assessments for all animals
  • Annual employee safety training
  • Completion of an extensive application and site inspection every five years (correct)
  • Which agency's regulations apply to organizations keeping controlled substances on site?

  • USDA, APHIS
  • OSHA
  • DEA (correct)
  • PHS
  • Which document replaced the Minimum Standards For Wildlife Rehabilitation, 3rd Edition?

    <p>Standards for Wildlife Rehabilitation, 2021</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which program is associated with USFWS and focuses specifically on migratory birds?

    <p>USFWS Migratory Bird Program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant outcome of the Elixir Sulfanilamide disaster of 1937?

    <p>It caused the deaths of over 100 humans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major reason for the failure of Thalidomide as a safe drug, even with animal model testing?

    <p>The significance of its effects on pregnant animals was overlooked.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which certification program focuses on domesticated cats but also mentions similarities in behaviors with big cats?

    <p>Fear Free Cat Certification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of animal care does the AALAS Learning Library primarily provide resources for?

    <p>Lab animal care and husbandry training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common misconception is associated with the use of animal models in drug testing?

    <p>They accurately predict human reactions in all cases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of obtaining various Fear Free certifications before graduating?

    <p>Better understanding of animal behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key lesson can be learned from the historical failures in drug testing regarding safety testing requirements?

    <p>Animal testing alone is not sufficient for predicting human safety.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the Rat Tickling Certification course?

    <p>Studying rat play behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following courses does NOT provide a certificate upon completion?

    <p>Refined Mouse Handling Course</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum amount of work experience required for a Laboratory Animal Technologist (LATG) with a 4-year degree?

    <p>3 years of work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of educational qualifications may affect the requirements for obtaining the CMAR certification?

    <p>Qualifications vary based on education level and supervisory experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which course is designed to teach refined techniques for handling mice without picking them up by the tail?

    <p>Refined Mouse Handling Course</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to maintain the CMAR certification?

    <p>Maintaining a registry listing and completing CEUs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an ALAT certification primarily intended for?

    <p>Assistant Laboratory Animal Technician training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an essential prerequisite for the LAT certification with a 4-year degree?

    <p>Employer's confirmation of 1 year of work or 6 months post-ALAT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant feature of the Purdue Rat Tickling Certification course?

    <p>It is an entirely free course</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Certified Veterinary Practice Manager credential?

    <p>To demonstrate knowledge in veterinary business management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which certification focuses specifically on euthanasia practices for companion animals?

    <p>Certified Peaceful Euthanasia Veterinarian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one requirement for obtaining a Veterinary Business Management Certificate?

    <p>Attending at least 32 hours of educational credit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the ILAM training program?

    <p>Enhancing communication and team building</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What organization offers the Certified Healthcare Documentation Professional (CHDP) credential?

    <p>Association for Healthcare Documentation Integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What signifies the successful completion of the ILAM program?

    <p>A certification acknowledging completion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a requirement for the Approved Veterinary Assistant program?

    <p>Enrollment in a veterinary technician program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to maintain the Certified Professional in IACUC Administration credential?

    <p>Recertification after passing an exam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Mandatory Registry program in veterinary practice management?

    <p>To validate completion of Continuing Education Units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Certified Wildlife Rehabilitator (CWR) demonstrate?

    <p>Certification of high-quality animal care actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential career path for someone with a Veterinary Business Management Certificate?

    <p>Veterinary Practice Owner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of training does the Companion Animal Euthanasia Training Academy provide?

    <p>Companion animal euthanasia education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which certification does NOT require a state license?

    <p>Certified Veterinary Assistant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization validates the Certified Wildlife Rehabilitator certification?

    <p>International Wildlife Rehabilitation Council</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the educational requirement to obtain the Business Certificate with Honors?

    <p>Completion of at least 32 hours of educational credit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the ZAA accreditation process?

    <p>To ensure rigorous standards through application and inspection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the NWRA play in wildlife rehabilitation?

    <p>Offers educational resources for wildlife welfare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common requirement is shared between AZA and ZAA accreditations?

    <p>Thorough inspections to maintain status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of individuals can work in IACUC?

    <p>Anyone interested in animal welfare and compliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Part IV: Application to Working Life

    • This part of the course focuses on career opportunities within Charles River and LAS.
    • LAS is a leading, full-service drug discovery and development company.
    • LAS scientists worked on approximately 85% of the drugs approved by the FDA in the last 3 years.
    • The company was founded by Dr. Henry Foster in 1947.

    Hard Lessons on the Importance of Safety Testing

    • The Elixir Sulfanilamide disaster of 1937 involved a drug with diethylene glycol, resulting in 107 deaths.
    • The Thalidomide tragedy of 1962, approved for human use in Europe, caused birth defects in 10,000 infants.
    • Both instances highlight the critical need for thorough safety testing using animal models before human trials.

    The Drug Development Process

    • Drug development typically takes at least 10 years and costs an average of $2.6 billion.
    • Less than 12% of candidate medicines that enter Phase I clinical trials are eventually approved by the FDA.
    • The process involves several phases, from basic research to clinical trials and FDA review.
    • The development process requires hundreds, thousands, and tens of thousands of volunteers in the different clinical trials phases.

    Exam Information

    • Exam will cover material in the "Working in LAS & Charles River Internship" module and associated study guides.

    Animal Learning Options

    • Fear Free Certifications are available for various animal types (e.g., birds, cats, dogs, equine).
    • These certifications cover a range of animal types, from domesticated to wild animals.

    Lab Animal Learning Options

    • AALAS Learning Library offers online courses, some free and some fee-based.
    • CITI Program is another online learning platform with free and fee-based courses.
    • Purdue Rat Tickling Certification and Refined Mouse Handling Course are specialized courses for lab animal handling techniques.

    Lab Animal Learning Options (continued)

    • ALAT, LAT, and LATG certifications are for technicians, with different levels based on education and work experience.

    Lab Animal Learning Options (continued)

    • Certified Manager of Animal Resources (CMAR) certification involves 3–4 exams, a mandatory registry program, and continuing education units (CEUs).
    • The Institute for Laboratory Animal Management (ILAM) is a 2-year training program for lab animal management professionals.

    Certification & Learning with Wildlife Conservation

    • Certified Wildlife Rehabilitator (CWR) certification demonstrates commitment to professionalism and high-quality care.
    • The National Wildlife Rehabilitators Association (NWRA) and International Wildlife Rehabilitation Council (IWRC) are related nonprofit educational organizations.

    Accreditations & Learning with Zoos

    • AZA accreditation sets standards for animal welfare (e.g., living environments, health, nutrition).
    • ZAA accreditation is a rigorous process requiring application and site inspections every five years.
    • American Association of Zookeepers (AAZK) is a nonprofit educational organization similar to AALAS.

    Veterinary Professional Career Map

    • A map showing possible career paths for veterinary professionals.

    Veterinary Opportunities

    • Certified Veterinary Assistant, Certified Veterinary Practice Manager, and Veterinary Business Management certifications are available.

    Approved Veterinary Assistant

    • Online, hybrid, and in-person programs are available.
    • A proficiency exam is required.
    • Program costs vary, ranging from $500 and up.
    • The program timeline typically lasts 6 months.

    Veterinary Opportunities (continued)

    • Euthanasia Certification and Certified Peaceful Euthanasia certifications are available.
    • Certified Healthcare Documentation Professional (CHDP) certification focuses on electronic health record systems
    • AVMA General Accreditation and AVMA Veterinary Specializations are also available

    Veterinary Technician Specializations

    • Various specializations are available for veterinary technicians, such as veterinary emergency and critical care, dental, internal medicine, anesthesia, etc.

    Veterinarian Specializations

    • 22 AVMA-recognized veterinary specialty organizations cover a wide range of specializations, spanning areas like shelter medicine, reptiles and amphibians, and exotic companions.

    Veterinary Opportunities: USDA APHIS National Veterinary Accreditation Program

    • The program focus is on the ability to complete health certificates and other pertinent documentation.
    • The licensing process is state specific, but some are multi state accessible

    Veterinary Practices Accreditation (Veterinarians' versions of AAALAC)

    • The American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) sets standards for veterinary practices.
    • Practice evaluations are conducted on site every three years.

    Regulations in Veterinary Medicine

    • AVMA guidelines, USDA, APHIS, NIH, OLAW, GLPs/ FDA, DEA, OSHA, and related state requirements are for veterinarians to comply, based on their practice.

    Regulations with Zoos

    • AZA accreditation criteria cover animal welfare, care, and management.
    • ZAA accreditation requires thorough application and site inspections to maintain accredited status.
    • American Association of Zookeepers (AAZK) is a nonprofit educational organization like AALAS.

    Regulations with Wildlife

    • AVMA guidelines, USDA, APHIS, AWA are for veterinarians working with wildlife.
    • OSHA, employee safety standards, and related licenses depend on the animal environment.

    Work with Retired Lab Animals

    • Several organizations, like Ross Mill Farm, Cape May Zoo, North American Primate Sanctuary Alliance, and others, provide retirement sanctuary options for lab animals.

    Primate Keeper Positions

    • These positions focus on monitoring animal welfare, maintaining enclosures, enriching environments, and assisting with medical care.
    • Associated responsibilities and requirements include education, training experience, and working in various animal environments.
    • There are positions available across organizations for all positions.

    Animal Behavior Management Specialist

    • The specialist manages social housing for species and animal behavioral procedures.
    • There is a need for staff who are experienced with animals including primates.

    Technical Sales Consultant Requirements

    • Required certifications, minimum experience, and geographical requirements.

    Research that Helps Wild Animals: Prion Diseases

    • This section discusses diseases affecting wild animals like mad cow, scrapies, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and chronic wasting disease.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the intricacies of drug development, safety testing, and career opportunities in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly within Charles River and LAS. Participants will learn about historical drug disasters and the importance of rigorous testing processes in ensuring public safety.

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