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Questions and Answers
Shown below is a replication bubble. At which location is the DNA polymerase adding nucleotides in a continuous manner?
What is the name of the DNA sequence where replication begins?
What is the function of a topoisomerase in DNA replication?
How does Polymerase help maintain the accuracy of DNA replication?
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The bonds that link two DNA strands together are
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The sequence at which DNA replication begins tends to have which characteristic?
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Which double-strand break repair mechanism is a simple ligation mechanism?
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How are the primers from which DNA synthesis starts different from the DNA itself?
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If a stretch of DNA on the parental strand of a replicating chromosome has the sequence 5′–AGCTCGATCGGCTA–3′, what will the sequence of the newly synthesized strand made from this stretch of template be?
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The energy for the polymerization reaction in DNA synthesis is powered by
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Study Notes
DNA Replication
- Replication bubble: the region where DNA replication occurs
Leading Strand Synthesis
- DNA polymerase adds nucleotides in a continuous manner at the leading strand
Origin of Replication
- The sequence where replication begins is called the origin of replication
- The origin of replication tends to have a characteristic of being rich in AT bases
Topoisomerase Function
- Topoisomerase: an enzyme that relieves the tension in DNA ahead of the replication fork by cutting and rejoining the DNA strand
Proofreading and Editing
- DNA polymerase helps maintain the accuracy of DNA replication through proofreading and editing mechanisms
DNA Structure
- The bonds that link two DNA strands together are hydrogen bonds
Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ)
- A simple ligation mechanism used in double-strand break repair
Primer Function
- Primers are short RNA sequences that provide a starting point for DNA synthesis
- Primers are different from DNA in that they are made of RNA and are eventually degraded and replaced with DNA nucleotides
DNA Synthesis
- Given the parental strand sequence 5′–AGCTCGATCGGCTA–3′, the newly synthesized strand will have the sequence 3′–TGCGAGCTAGCCGT–5′
Energy Source for DNA Synthesis
- The energy for the polymerization reaction in DNA synthesis is powered by nucleoside triphosphates
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