Molecular Biology DNA Replication Quiz

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What is the primary function of DNA helicase during DNA replication?

To synthesize RNA primers
To separate the DNA strands using ATP (correct)
To relieve coiling ahead of the replication fork
To attach nucleotides in a 5' to 3' direction

DNA polymerase can initiate DNA synthesis on a bare template strand without additional components.

False (B)

What is the role of DNA ligase during DNA replication?

To join adjacent DNA fragments together.

In the lagging strand, DNA is synthesized in fragments called ______.

Okazaki fragments Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components with their roles in DNA replication:

DNA topoisomerase = Relieves coiling ahead of the fork Single-strand binding proteins = Keeps parental strands open DNA primase = Synthesizes RNA primers DNA polymerase I = Removes RNA primers and fills in DNA Signup and view all the answers

Which model of DNA replication suggests that each new DNA molecule contains one original strand and one newly synthesized strand?

Semiconservative (C) Signup and view all the answers

DNA replication occurs in one direction only, either 5’ to 3’ or 3’ to 5’.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a primer in DNA synthesis?

To provide a starting point for DNA polymerase to add nucleotides. Signup and view all the answers

The leading strand is synthesized _____ the direction of the replication fork.

in Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of DNA replication with their descriptions:

Leading Strand = Synthesized continuously in the direction of the replication fork Lagging Strand = Synthesized discontinuously in short fragments Replication Fork = The junction where the DNA double helix is unwound DNA Polymerase = Enzyme that adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand Signup and view all the answers

Okazaki Fragments

Short DNA segments synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

DNA Helicase

Enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix, creating a replication fork.

DNA Polymerase

Enzyme that adds nucleotides to a growing DNA strand.

Leading Strand

DNA strand synthesized continuously in the 5' to 3' direction.

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Lagging Strand

DNA strand synthesized discontinuously in short segments (Okazaki fragments).

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DNA Structure

DNA is a double-stranded helix with a sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogenous bases (A, T, G, C) paired in the center; held together by hydrogen bonds.

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