DMAIC Approach: Analyze, Improve and Implement
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Questions and Answers

What models are mentioned to help understand change management?

Cycle of Change

What are some drivers of resistance to change? Select all that apply.

  • Fear (correct)
  • Habits (correct)
  • Group values (correct)
  • Surprises (correct)

    • Case for Change involves establishing a sense of urgency and complacency.

    True

    Starting Conditions for Successful Change include Vision, Skills, Incentives, Resources, and _____ Plan.

    <p>Action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Japanese meaning of 'Kaizen'?

    <p>Change for the good</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the project involves identifying and developing solutions to the verified causes from the ANALYZE phase?

    <p>Improve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Implementing a LEAN project should ideally be completed within 6 months for a small/medium project.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Regular reviews should be conducted to monitor the progress of the action plan with the __________ and the steering committee.

    <p>action leader</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following project presentation elements with their descriptions:

    <p>Project charter = Team composition &amp; goals Implementation = Storyboard, photos Results = % Improvement, € reduction, KPI’s Other Issues = Lesson learned, ideas for additional projects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the objectives of this session?

    <p>Understand the 'analyze phase' Part 2 and understand 'Improve &amp; Implement' phases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is involved in the 'Measure' step of Lean Workshop?

    <p>Procure to Pay measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The recommended size for a Lean Initiative workshop is __ to __ people.

    <p>8, 12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Lean Leader acts as a facilitator during the workshop.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the phases of the DMAI2C approach with their descriptions:

    <p>1.0 Define = Defining opportunities and main indicators 2.0 Measures of performance = Analyzing resistance force 3.0 Analyze = Identification of root causes 4.0 Improving = Recommendations of improvements and prioritization of proposed solutions 5.0 Implementation = Piloting and application of recommendations 6.0 Control = Implementation of a program of change management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define Stakeholder in the context of a project.

    <p>A person who has a vested interest in the outcome of the project.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is Stakeholder Analysis important in a project?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A Stakeholder Grid assesses Stakeholders based on their Interest, Involvement, and ________.

    <p>Influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Stakeholder Analysis helps in ensuring that all people involved in the change are on board and supportive.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following Fundamental Employee Interests with their descriptions:

    <p>Job security = Ensuring stability in employment Status &amp; image of the job = Perception and reputation of the role Autonomy &amp; influence = Independence and decision-making power Rewarding &amp; recognition = Acknowledgement and compensation for work Job content &amp; job quality = Nature of tasks and overall work experience Available resources = Tools and support for job tasks Location/workplace = Physical work environment Career &amp; development = Progression and learning opportunities Job demands &amp; workload = Tasks required and level of effort Social contact, social network = Interactions and relationships within the workplace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Session 5: Analyze, Improve, and Implement

    • The session aims to understand the "Analyze" phase and "Improve & Implement" phases.

    DMAIIC Approach

    • The DMAIIC approach consists of six phases: Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Implement, and Control.
    • The phases are interconnected, with each phase building on the previous one.

    Lean Workshop

    • A Lean Workshop is a collaborative effort to identify and solve problems.
    • The workshop involves various stakeholders, including operators, sponsors, and Lean leaders.
    • The recommended size of the workshop is 8-12 people.

    Preparation for the Lean Workshop

    • Before the workshop:
      • Identify the project leader and sponsor.
      • Create a "Why LEAN Workshop" template.
      • Develop a SIPOC to identify the macro process, scope, and process stakeholders.
      • Send invitations to participants.
      • Identify necessary measures and documentation.
    • During the workshop:
      • The Lean leader facilitates discussions and exchanges.
      • Participants introduce themselves and discuss their roles.
      • The agenda is presented, and the workshop is conducted (VSM, VSD, action list, matrix prioritization, action plan).
      • Results are presented to the steering committee and participants' managers.
    • After the workshop:
      • Minutes are taken, including pictures.
      • Follow-up meetings are conducted to review the action plan.
      • Progress is communicated to stakeholders.
      • A formal project close-out is performed.

    Improve Phase

    • In the Improve phase, solutions are identified and developed to address the root causes of problems.
    • The solutions are based on the VSM, VSD, and ELCOMORE tool.
    • The workshop for improvement is also called a Kaizen event, which means "change for the good".

    Implement and Control

    • In the Implement phase, selected leaders lead the implementation plan and measure results.
    • In the Control phase, implementation results are monitored and fine-tuned as needed.

    Tools and Techniques

    • Various tools and techniques are used in the DMAIIC approach, including:

      • Project Charter
      • SIPOC
      • VOC
      • PMAP
      • VSM
      • VSD
      • ELCOMORE
      • Priority Matrix
      • Impact Analysis
      • Control Charts
      • Gantt Chart
      • Dashboard
      • RACI
      • Communication plan
      • Training plan
      • Change Management### Implement Phase of DMAIIC

    • After obtaining validation from the steering committee, detail the leaders, workload, estimated costs, schedule, and re-validate before deploying the action plan.

    • The schedule should be realistic and ambitious, taking into account project participants' availability and deadlines for major actions.

    • The implementation phase should be completed within a minimum of 6 months for small/medium projects.

    Defining the Way of Implementation

    • Decide whether to implement the plan with a pilot or on all processes.
    • Conduct regular reviews to monitor the action plan's progress with the action leader and steering committee.

    Change Management in Lean

    • Understand the importance of managing change in Lean projects.
    • Recognize the benefits of change management, such as identifying and addressing resistance to change.
    • Identify the different levels of change management, including the cycle of change, mobilizing for change, and dealing with resistance.

    The Cycle of Change

    • The cycle of change involves shock, denial, anger, fear, negotiation, and commitment.
    • Understand the different stages of change to effectively manage the process.

    Mobilizing People

    • Mobilizing people involves communicating the vision, defining the benefits, and providing support and training.
    • Understand the importance of involving people in the change process and recognizing their individual motivations.

    Drivers of Resistance

    • Identify the individual and social reasons for resistance to change, including inertia, time pressure, and group values.
    • Understand the importance of addressing resistance to change in the implementation phase.

    Strategies for Implementing Change

    • Seven strategies for implementing change: avoiding, facilitating, informing, supporting, negotiating, convincing, and forcing.
    • Understand the different approaches to implementing change and their potential impact on the project.

    Starting Conditions for Successful Change

    • Identify the case for change, vision, skills, incentives, and resources required for successful change.
    • Understand the importance of establishing a compelling vision and providing the necessary skills and resources for change.

    Stakeholder Analysis

    • Identify stakeholders who have a vested interest in the project's outcome.
    • Analyze the forces that will act upon the project and agree upon proactive measures to ensure stakeholder support.
    • Use the stakeholder analysis to keep stakeholders informed and aligned throughout the project.

    Stakeholder Grid and Wheel

    • Use a stakeholder grid and wheel to identify and analyze stakeholders' interests, involvement, and influence.
    • Identify problem areas and develop strategies to address them.

    Identifying Problem Areas

    • Identify problem areas based on stakeholders' interests, involvement, and influence.
    • Develop strategies to address negative impacts and increase positive impacts.

    Fundamental Employee Interests

    • Identify fundamental employee interests, including job security, status, autonomy, reward, and career development.
    • Understand the importance of addressing these interests in the implementation phase.

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    Description

    Learn about the Analyze phase and how to Improve and Implement in the DMAIC approach. Understand the Lean Workshop principles and its applications.

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