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Questions and Answers
What is the primary treatment option for Tinea Versicolor?
Which of the following findings is most indicative of Tinea Versicolor during a physical examination?
What is the purpose of conducting a Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) preparation in cases of suspected Tinea Versicolor?
What symptom may precede the skin manifestations of Pityriasis Rosea?
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During a skin examination, what should be observed to rule out Tinea Versicolor's similarity with Pityriasis Rosea?
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Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with pityriasis rosea?
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Which treatment is appropriate for a basal cell carcinoma located on the face?
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In the context of skin conditions, why is it important to differentiate Tinea Versicolor from Pityriasis Rosea?
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What is a common complication associated with measles?
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What is the most important risk factor for developing squamous cell carcinoma?
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What is a common outcome for Pityriasis Rosea without intervention?
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What is a key characteristic of squamous cell carcinoma lesions?
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Which treatment is considered first-line for Tinea Versicolor?
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Which skin condition is typically confirmed through KOH preparation to exclude fungal involvement?
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What skin examination technique is commonly used to diagnose Tinea Versicolor?
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Which of the following techniques is used to diagnose basal cell carcinoma?
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In the examination of the skin for rash diagnosis, which sign indicates a severe condition?
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How does a potassium hydroxide preparation assist in diagnosing skin conditions?
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What is the most common type of skin cancer?
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Which symptom is typically NOT associated with Pityriasis Rosea?
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What is the typical progression of rash in a measles infection?
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In which age group is pityriasis rosea most commonly found?
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What is the main characteristic of the rash seen in Tinea Versicolor?
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Which of the following statements about measles immunization is true?
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Study Notes
Tinea Versicolor
- Caused by Malassezia furfur
- Damages melanocytes causing hypopigmentation (color change)
- Can present with a mix of hypopigmented, hyperpigmented, or erythematous (redness) skin lesions
- Diagnosis: KOH preparation reveals a spaghetti-and-meatballs pattern
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Treatment:
- Selenium sulfide or zinc pyrithione in form of lotion or shampoo (first-line therapy)
- Oral fluconazole (for severe, widespread, or unresponsive infections)
Pityriasis Rosea
- Idiopathic (unknown cause)
- Viral etiology (HHV 6 and 7) is suspected
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Signs and symptoms:
- Preceded by prodromal flu-like illness
- Multiple, oval, scaly papules distributed in a classic Christmas tree pattern on the trunk
- Lesions typically disappear within two months, often causing postinflammatory hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation
- Diagnosis: Usually clinical diagnosis
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Confirmation:
- KOH preparation: to exclude Tinea
- RPR or VDRL: to exclude secondary syphilis
- Treatment: Spontaneous resolution within 6-8 weeks
Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Most common type of skin cancer
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Signs and symptoms:
- Nodular lesion with central ulceration
- Non tender, firm, pearly telangiectatic papules
- Most lesions appear on the face or other sun-exposed areas
- Diagnosis: Excisional biopsy, shave biopsy or punch biopsy
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Treatment:
- Surgical excision with 3-5 mm margins (trunk or extremities)
- Surgical excision (Mohs Micrographic Surgery)(face)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- Common in patients with: history of transplant, on chronic immunosuppressive therapy, ionizing radiation, and burn injuries
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Signs and symptoms:
- Nodular lesion with intermittent bleeding and itching
- Lesions often become keratinized (with a thickened, rough surface)
- Lesions can ulcerate with crusting and bleeding
- Perineural invasion is a feature of SCC → numbness, paresthesia and itching
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Diagnosis:
- Shave biopsy
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Treatment:
- Surgical excision
- Mohs surgery (for cosmetically sensitive areas such as face and distal extremities)
- Radiation or chemotherapy (high metastatic potential)
Measles
- Diagnosis: Measles
- Complications: Increased risk for encephalitis
Case Summaries
- Case 7: 13 year old boy presents with rash on chest and back, fine desquamation, previously in the Caribbean.
- Case 8: 10 year old girl presents with pruritic rash on trunk, neck and arms, preceded by a fever, sore throat, and malaise.
- Case 9: 48 year old woman presents with a small nodular lesion with central ulceration on her neck, history of outdoor work, slowly enlarging.
- Case 5: 5 year old boy presents with progressive rash that began on the face and progressed to the trunk and extremities. The rash started a few days after onset of cough, runny nose and red/crusty eyes. Family history of Behcet disease.
- Case 6: 21 year old male presents with a pruritic, hypopigmented rash on his upper body that started after a trip to the Bahamas. Has type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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Description
Explore the key aspects of Tinea Versicolor and Pityriasis Rosea in this comprehensive quiz. Learn about their symptoms, causes, diagnosis techniques, and treatment options. This quiz is essential for anyone studying dermatology or preparing for medical exams.
