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Questions and Answers
Which type of tinea pedis is characterized by vesicular eruptions that may fuse into bullae?
Which type of tinea pedis is characterized by vesicular eruptions that may fuse into bullae?
What is the common pathogen identified in chronic scaly infection of the plantar surface (hyperkeratotic tinea pedis)?
What is the common pathogen identified in chronic scaly infection of the plantar surface (hyperkeratotic tinea pedis)?
What is the treatment regimen for tinea cruris?
What is the treatment regimen for tinea cruris?
Which symptom is commonly associated with tinea cruris?
Which symptom is commonly associated with tinea cruris?
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What condition do the itchy sterile vesicles in acute vesicular tinea pedis represent?
What condition do the itchy sterile vesicles in acute vesicular tinea pedis represent?
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Which of the following is NOT a treatment option for tinea corporis?
Which of the following is NOT a treatment option for tinea corporis?
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What distinguishes chronic scaly tinea pedis from other types of tinea infections?
What distinguishes chronic scaly tinea pedis from other types of tinea infections?
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Which of the following treatments is considered fungicidal for tinea pedis?
Which of the following treatments is considered fungicidal for tinea pedis?
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What is the likely appearance of tinea of the palmar surface?
What is the likely appearance of tinea of the palmar surface?
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Which of the following types of tinea capitis is characterized by hair loss with broken hairs appearing as black dots?
Which of the following types of tinea capitis is characterized by hair loss with broken hairs appearing as black dots?
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Which treatment option is indicated for tinea capitis?
Which treatment option is indicated for tinea capitis?
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What condition is likely to develop due to untreated kerion in tinea capitis?
What condition is likely to develop due to untreated kerion in tinea capitis?
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What is tinea incognito primarily caused by?
What is tinea incognito primarily caused by?
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Which medication is well-absorbed when taken after a fatty meal for treating fungal infections?
Which medication is well-absorbed when taken after a fatty meal for treating fungal infections?
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In tinea barbae, how are the infected hairs described?
In tinea barbae, how are the infected hairs described?
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Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of tinea unguium (onychomycosis)?
Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of tinea unguium (onychomycosis)?
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What symptom is associated with seborrheic dermatitis like tinea capitis?
What symptom is associated with seborrheic dermatitis like tinea capitis?
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What symptoms characterize monilial vulvovaginitis?
What symptoms characterize monilial vulvovaginitis?
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Which of the following factors does NOT increase the risk of candidiasis?
Which of the following factors does NOT increase the risk of candidiasis?
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Which statement is true regarding favus in tinea capitis?
Which statement is true regarding favus in tinea capitis?
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What is the initial treatment for oral candidiasis (thrush) in adults?
What is the initial treatment for oral candidiasis (thrush) in adults?
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Which condition is often associated with bacterial folliculitis?
Which condition is often associated with bacterial folliculitis?
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What is a distinguishing feature of a kerion in tinea capitis?
What is a distinguishing feature of a kerion in tinea capitis?
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Which demographic is least likely to be affected by oral thrush?
Which demographic is least likely to be affected by oral thrush?
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What is the primary environment that predisposes individuals to Candida balanitis?
What is the primary environment that predisposes individuals to Candida balanitis?
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Which of the following is NOT a recommended treatment for Candida intertrigo?
Which of the following is NOT a recommended treatment for Candida intertrigo?
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Which symptoms are characteristic of diaper candidiasis?
Which symptoms are characteristic of diaper candidiasis?
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What are the clinical signs of finger and toe web candidiasis?
What are the clinical signs of finger and toe web candidiasis?
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What is the term used for lesions found outside apposing skin surfaces in candidiasis of skin folds?
What is the term used for lesions found outside apposing skin surfaces in candidiasis of skin folds?
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Which antifungal treatment is suggested for diaper candidiasis?
Which antifungal treatment is suggested for diaper candidiasis?
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Which of the following best describes the treatment goals for Candida intertrigo?
Which of the following best describes the treatment goals for Candida intertrigo?
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In which condition does Candida typically thrive in an environment created by skin touching skin?
In which condition does Candida typically thrive in an environment created by skin touching skin?
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What is the recommended method to keep hands dry in chronic paronychia management?
What is the recommended method to keep hands dry in chronic paronychia management?
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Which microorganism is primarily responsible for causing pityriasis versicolor?
Which microorganism is primarily responsible for causing pityriasis versicolor?
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What is the characteristic appearance of lesions in pityriasis versicolor according to potassium hydroxide examination?
What is the characteristic appearance of lesions in pityriasis versicolor according to potassium hydroxide examination?
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Which treatment option is NOT indicated for pityriasis versicolor?
Which treatment option is NOT indicated for pityriasis versicolor?
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What type of fungi causes both blastomycosis and histoplasmosis?
What type of fungi causes both blastomycosis and histoplasmosis?
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During a Wood’s light examination, what fluorescence is associated with pityriasis versicolor?
During a Wood’s light examination, what fluorescence is associated with pityriasis versicolor?
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What is a common characteristic of lesions caused by pityriasis versicolor?
What is a common characteristic of lesions caused by pityriasis versicolor?
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Which factor is considered when prescribing broad-spectrum antibiotics for chronic paronychia?
Which factor is considered when prescribing broad-spectrum antibiotics for chronic paronychia?
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Study Notes
Tinea Infections Overview
- Chronic scaly infection on plantar surface is hyperkeratotic or moccasin-type tinea pedis, often covering the entire sole with fine silvery-white scales.
- Common symptoms include pink, tender, and itchy skin, affecting feet and sometimes hands; Trichophyton rubrum is the primary pathogen.
- Acute vesicular tinea pedis involves highly inflammatory vesicular eruptions that can fuse into bullae and may arise in distant sites due to an allergic response (dermatophytid reaction).
Treatment for Tinea Pedis
- Terbinafine 1% cream applied twice daily for one week; oral treatments include Fluconazole, Itraconazole, and Terbinafine.
- Secondary bacterial infections require antibiotics; id reaction may be treated with topical steroids or prednisone.
Tinea Cruris
- Tinea cruris, or jock itch, manifests as a half-moon shaped red-brown plaque with scaling, common in men and rare in children.
- Frequent itching; treatment mirrors that of tinea pedis, with Terbinafine cream and oral options such as Fluconazole and Itraconazole.
Tinea Corporis
- Tinea corporis affects the trunk, limbs, and face, distinctive for its round, annular lesions.
- Treatment approach is the same as for tinea cruris.
Tinea Manum
- Tinea of the hand resembles tinea corporis on the dorsal side; palmar surface may show a dry, hyperkeratotic form similar to plantar tinea.
- Often associated with tinea pedis and finger nail infections.
Tinea Capitis
- Common in children aged 3-7; characterized by cervical or occipital lymphadenopathy.
- Clinical types include:
- Non-inflammatory black dot pattern with hair loss and broken hairs.
- Inflammatory kerion leading to boggy areas and potential scarring alopecia.
- Seborrheic dermatitis-like lesions with fine, white scales.
- Pustular type featuring discrete pustules without significant hair loss.
- Favus, caused by Trichophyton schoenleinii, features yellowish scutula that can cause scarring alopecia.
Treatment for Tinea Capitis
- Systemic treatment required; options include Griseofulvin, Fluconazole, and Terbinafine.
Tinea Barbae
- Affects the beard and mustache, beginning with follicular pustules that can merge into erythmatous kerions.
- Treatment remains similar to tinea capitis.
Tinea Incognito
- Occurs due to inappropriate treatment of fungal infections with topical steroids, which mask symptoms while the infection persists.
- Condition may worsen upon cessation of steroids.
Tinea Unguium (Onychomycosis)
- Primarily caused by Trichophyton and Microsporum, affecting fingernails and toenails leading to discoloration, thickening, and brittleness.
Candidiasis Overview
- Candida albicans can cause superficial infections in skin, mucous membranes, and systemically, especially under conditions like immunosuppression or diabetes.
Types of Candidiasis
- Vulvovaginal candidiasis: Vaginal itching and discharge; treated with miconazole or Fluconazole.
- Oral candidiasis (thrush): Characterized by white plaques in the mouth; treated with Nystatin or clotrimazole.
- Candidiasis of the skin folds: Presents with pustules under moist environments; managed by maintaining dryness and topical antifungal ointments.
- Diaper candidiasis: Common in infants with characteristic rash and satellite lesions; treatment involves keeping the area dry and applying antifungal cream.
Pityriasis Versicolor
- Caused by Malassezia species, leading to discolored macules on the upper trunk; may be asymptomatic but can itch.
- Characteristic "spaghetti-and-meatballs" appearance on potassium hydroxide examination; treated with Ketoconazole or Selenium sulfide.
Additional Skin Infections
- Blasmycosis and Histoplasmosis: Dimorphic fungal infections causing systemic illness and skin lesions, commonly found in soil and presenting respiratory symptoms.
- Aspergillus & Cryptococcus spp.: Rarely cause localized skin infections.
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Description
This quiz focuses on chronic scaly infections of the plantar surface, specifically the hyperkeratotic or moccasin type of tinea pedis. It covers symptoms, pathogen identification, and possible patterns of infection between feet and hands. Test your knowledge on this dermatological condition.
